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What are the extraction methods for the active ingredients of reishi mushroom?

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The extraction methods for the active ingredients of reishi mushroom are determined by the properties of those active ingredients. The main active ingredients of reishi mushroom include reishi polysaccharides, ganoderic acids, adenosine, ergosterol, saponins, purines, pyrimidines, alkaloids, lactones, and so on. Most of these ingredients are soluble in hot water, but among them ganoderic acids, saponins, ergosterol and other components have low solubility in hot water while their solubility in ethanol is very high. From an economic perspective, ethanol extraction is costly and not very cost-effective. 1. Hot water extraction method: crush the reishi mushroom into pieces 0.5-1 cm in size

The extraction methods for the active ingredients of reishi mushroom are determined by the properties of those active ingredients. The main active ingredients of reishi mushroom include reishi polysaccharides, ganoderic acids, adenosine, ergosterol, saponins, purines, pyrimidines, alkaloids, lactones, and so on. Most of these ingredients are soluble in hot water, but among them ganoderic acids, saponins, ergosterol and other components have low solubility in hot water while their solubility in ethanol is very high. From an economic perspective, ethanol extraction is costly and not very cost-effective.

1. Hot water extraction method

Crush the reishi mushroom into pieces 0.5-1 cm in size, put them into a stainless steel pot, and add deionized water at 14 times the weight of the reishi mushroom (water with calcium ions, magnesium ions and other ions removed, also called soft water, so as to avoid affecting the service life of the pot and to ensure extraction quality). Pass steam into the serpentine pipe at the bottom of the pot to bring the water to a boil and keep it boiling for 2 hours, then take out the decoction (first decoction). The residue remains in the pot; add another 12 times the amount of deionized water, decoct for 2 hours, and take the second decoction. Combine the two liquids, transfer them into a storage tank, and let stand for 10 hours. Take the supernatant. First carry out ordinary concentration, then vacuum concentration; when the specific gravity is about 1:1.36 (measured hot), it is reishi mushroom fluid extract, which can be used to process reishi tablets, reishi capsules, reishi preparations, and so on.

2. Alcohol extraction method

Put the same crushed pieces into the pot, add 95% edible ethanol at 8 times the dry weight of the reishi mushroom, and reflux with 78% for 1 hour, then take out the first ethanol extract; add to the residue another 8 times the weight of 75% edible ethanol, reflux in the same way to obtain the second extract; for the third time add 50% edible ethanol and obtain the third extract. Combine the three liquids, let stand in a storage tank for 10 hours, take the supernatant, recover the ethanol, and concentrate it to make a tincture, or dry it or spray-dry it to make capsules and other preparations.

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