How to reasonably choose the suitable sowing time for wheat?

@#@245@#@The suitable sowing time generally refers to sowing when the average daytime and nighttime temperature in autumn steadily drops to 18-15°C. Within this range, sow semi-winter varieties first, then spring varieties. By making use of the suitable natural conditions such as temperature and light in autumn and winter, strong seedlings can be formed before winter, which is conducive to safe overwintering and improves the tillering and ear-bearing rate and grain weight. Right now is the critical season for wheat sowing, and wheat across the province has begun to be sown from north to south. According to the requirements of different regions and different types of wheat varieties for sowing time, and in response to the issue of suitable wheat sowing time that farmers generally care about, the following suggestions are put forward:

I. Choose suitable types of wheat varieties according to different regions and crop rotations.

1. In the Huaibei region, early-rotation crops such as dry miscellaneous grains including soybeans, sesame, and corn have already been harvested in mid-to-late September. For the selection of wheat varieties for autumn sowing, semi-winter varieties should be the main choice, and the proportion of weak winter varieties should be appropriately increased, so as to make full use of the good soil moisture and light-heat resources of early rotation fields and achieve early sowing and high yield. For fields where crops such as sweet potatoes and cotton are cleared too late, choose spring varieties for planting.

2. In the central and southern Huaibei region and along the Huai River region, semi-winter varieties or spring varieties can be planted according to whether the rotation is early or late. Because the climatic conditions this year are relatively good, the planting area of semi-winter varieties can be appropriately increased.

3. In the Jianghuai region, spring varieties should be the main choice.

II. Arrange the suitable sowing time according to variety type. Different types of varieties have different requirements for suitable sowing time. Among them, weak winter varieties can be advanced to the end of September, and the suitable sowing time for semi-winter varieties is early to mid-October. Spring varieties should be postponed to late October to early November. For high-yield cultivation, it is generally required to sow as early as possible within the suitable sowing period, but for some spring varieties with good comprehensive traits but poor cold resistance, such as Zhengmai 9023 and Wanmai 33, special attention should be paid to preventing sowing too early.

III. Supporting cultivation techniques. For areas with early rotation fields in Huaibei, the focus can be on promoting precision and semi-precision sowing techniques for wheat and the technique of postponing nitrogen fertilizer application. Precision and semi-precision sowing help promote effective tillering of wheat before overwintering and form more ears and larger ears; "postponing nitrogen fertilizer application" can increase protein content and improve wheat quality. In the areas along the Huai River and in Jianghuai, the focus should be on promoting cost-saving and efficiency-increasing techniques such as shallow rotary tillage and mechanical drilling cultivation techniques for wheat after rice, integrated pest and disease control techniques, and balanced fertilization techniques, which can help seize the season when the rotation is tight, ensure timely sowing and seedling emergence, and improve yield and quality.