Detailed Introduction to the Yumai 21 Wheat Variety

1. Variety origin: Bred by the Zhoukou Prefecture Agricultural Science Institute of Henan Province through crossbreeding and selection from (Bainong 791 x Yumai 2) x (Lumai No. 1 x Yanshi No. 4).

2. Main characteristics and traits: A semi-winter, mid-to-late maturing variety. Seedlings are semi-prostrate with good cold resistance and medium tillering ability; plant height is 75 cm with strong lodging resistance. The plant type is compact; the spike is rectangular with long awns, white glumes and white kernels; the number of spikes per mu is about 400,000, the number of grains per spike is 32-37, and the 1000-grain weight is about 42 g. Protein content is 13.3%, lysine 0.39%, wet gluten 29.8%, flour yield 62.5%, and test weight about 800 g per liter. The leaves have a long functional period, do not senesce early, and grain filling is fast with good yellowing. It is moderately resistant to stripe rust, leaf rust, leaf blight and powdery mildew, and susceptible to sheath blight.

3. Yield performance and approval (recognition) dates: In the 1990, 1991 and 1992 regional trials of the winter water group in the southern Huang-Huai area, it ranked first in two of the three years, and in all years outyielded the control Yumai 2. In 1990, the average yield per mu was 411.85 kg, 2.9% higher than the control, not significant; in 1992, the average yield per mu was 506.85 kg, 1.2% higher than the control, not significant. In the 1992 high-fertility production demonstration in Henan Province, the average yield per mu was 430.9 kg, ranking first. It was approved by the Henan Provincial Variety Approval Committee in 1992 and by the National Variety Approval Committee in 1994.

4. Cultivation points and suitable range: Sow from October 1 to 15. Use 6-9 kg of seed per mu. Apply heavy basal fertilizer with a combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Apply topdressing at the jointing and stem elongation stage; pay attention to watering at jointing, booting and grain filling, and promptly control spike aphids. This variety is best suited for early-to-mid season planting at medium-to-high fertility levels in the southern part of the Huang-Huai wheat region.

5. National Variety Approval Committee approval opinion: This variety has relatively good overall traits, is short-statured and lodging-resistant, does not senesce early, has good yellowing, relatively fast grain filling and large spikes. Grain weight is stable, and it is high-yielding, cold-tolerant and tolerant to dry hot winds, and moderately resistant to stripe rust, leaf rust and powdery mildew. Upon review, it meets the approval standards and has been approved. It is suitable for planting in early-to-mid season fields at medium-to-high fertility levels in the southern Huang-Huai region.