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Key Cultivation Techniques and Management Methods for Sichuan Pepper Seedlings

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I. Land Preparation (1) Land Preparation Methods. When establishing an orchard on flat land, the entire site can be prepared. Deep plow 30-50 cm, and during deep plowing apply 4000-5000 kg of base fertilizer per mu, then level and harrow fine. A strip preparation method can also be used: dig trenches 1-1.2 m wide, keep the subsoil and topsoil separate, then mix farmyard manure thoroughly with the soil and fill it back into the trenches, filling to 20 cm from the ground surface, and dig the planting points into large pits of 1 sq m. If establishing an orchard on a gentle hillside, reverse-slope terraces with the outer edge higher and the inner edge lower can be built along the contour lines; the width of the terraces should preferably be 1.5-2.5 m

I. Land Preparation (1) Land Preparation Methods. When establishing an orchard on flat land, the entire site can be prepared. Deep plow 30-50 cm, and during deep plowing apply 4000-5000 kg of base fertilizer per mu, then level and harrow fine. A strip preparation method can also be used: dig trenches 1-1.2 m wide, keep the subsoil and topsoil separate, then mix farmyard manure thoroughly with the soil and fill it back into the trenches, filling to 20 cm from the ground surface, and dig the planting points into large pits of 1 sq m. If establishing an orchard on a gentle hillside, reverse-slope terraces with the outer edge higher and the inner edge lower can be built along the contour lines; the width of the terraces should preferably be 1.5-2.5 m or 2-3 m, and the planting points can be dug into large pits of 60 cm x 60 cm x 80 cm. (2) Land Preparation Time. Carry out land preparation 6 months or one year before planting Sichuan pepper.

II. Planting (1) Seedling Standards. Select seedlings with straight, thick and sturdy stems, fully lignified shoots, well-developed root systems, short and thick taproots, numerous lateral roots, plump terminal buds, and no pests, diseases or mechanical damage for planting. (2) Planting Density. The plant spacing and row spacing for planting are 2 m x 3 m, 2 m x 4 m or 4 m x 5 m, with 50-80 plants per mu. (3) Planting Time. Planting can be divided into spring planting, autumn planting and winter planting. Spring planting can be carried out before the Sichuan pepper trees bud. (4) Planting Methods. Before planting, soak the seedlings in water for 12-24 hours so that they fully absorb water, which helps increase the survival rate. Sichuan pepper seedling roots are brittle and break easily, so care must be taken to protect them; broken roots should be cut off. When planting, place the seedling vertically into the already dug planting pit, then backfill soil, tramping firmly after each layer of soil, while lifting the seedling slightly upward, until the backfilled soil is level with the ground surface. Build a planting ring about 1 m in diameter around the Sichuan pepper seedling, water with the initial planting water, then seal the soil and cover with plastic film to preserve moisture. In winter, planting can be carried out by the methods of trunk truncation and mounding soil.

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