Detailed Explanation of Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Techniques and Management Methods
The flower shiitake is the star among mushrooms and a premium variety of shiitake, and the higher the yield of shiitake, the better the quality. Flower shiitake is rich in nutrients and can help with fitness, disease prevention, and anti-aging, which is why it is very popular both domestically and abroad. In China, flower shiitake is mainly produced in Hubei, Zhejiang, and Henan. So how do you cultivate flower shiitake? Let's learn about its cultivation techniques together.
1. Mushroom shed construction
The mushroom shed for flower shiitake is generally built on a plot with ample sunlight, good permeability and air circulation, flat terrain, and dry soil. Next, when building the mushroom shed, the shed length is about six meters, and the width and height are both 2.5 meters. Bricks need to be laid at both ends and in the middle of the shed, and each wall needs a door about 60 cm wide, with ventilation holes made in the doors. Finally, build the shelving, generally six layers, and once the film is placed on the shelves, the mushroom shed construction is complete.
2. Nutrient preparation
When the temperature can be maintained at around 26°C, flower shiitake can be planted, and the best planting time is the end of August each year. Nutrient preparation is very important. Usually, pear trees or other trees with more wood are selected and crushed into sawdust for making nutrients. The ingredients of the nutrient include sawdust, bran, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, gypsum powder, and lime, configured in appropriate proportions. Pile these materials on the ground, add an appropriate amount of water, turn and stir the pile, and finally ferment it.
3. Bagging and sterilization
After the nutrient has fully fermented, it needs to be bagged. Flower shiitake cultivation generally uses large bags for bagging the nutrient. Put the nutrient into the bags, then tie the openings with cotton thread, place them on the prepared ground, and finally put the bags filled with nutrient into a normal-pressure sterilization stove for disinfection and sterilization. First, use high heat to bring the temperature to 100°C in about five hours, and keep it at 100°C for a day and a half; at this point, sterilization is complete. When the nutrient temperature drops to around 70°C, the nutrient can be placed in the mushroom shed, and the nutrient can be reasonably spread out in the mushroom house.
4. Inoculation management
When inoculating, select excellent varieties, and disinfect the mushroom house before inoculation. Personnel entering the mushroom house for inoculation also need thorough disinfection and sterilization. When the nutrient temperature drops to 28 or 29°C, inoculation can be carried out. We need to place the spawn evenly in the nutrient and avoid inoculating the spawn too densely, as this will affect the yield and quality of flower shiitake.
5. Fruiting management
Fruiting management is the most critical stage in the flower shiitake cultivation process, as it directly affects the yield and quality of flower shiitake. Generally, about four or five days after inoculation, the mycelium will germinate. During this period, we only need to control the temperature of the mushroom shed at around 28°C and do not need other management. After about a week, the mycelium begins to grow. At this time, the temperature of the mushroom shed only needs to be 26°C, and the pile should be turned to ensure that no unwanted bacteria invade. At the same time, ventilate two or three times, with each ventilation lasting 30 minutes. Generally, when the mycelium has grown for half a month, this is its vigorous growth period. We need to increase ventilation and control the temperature at around 23°C. When it has grown for about 50 days, humidity needs to be reasonably controlled to avoid affecting fruiting. Next, temperature also needs to be controlled to avoid mildew caused by high temperatures. Generally, fruiting will occur within 70 days at most. After fruiting, it is enough to spray with mushroom ecological treasure bacterial liquid.
Since flower shiitake is a premium variety of shiitake, its cultivation techniques are roughly similar to those for shiitake, but since it is a premium product, its cultivation techniques and management are naturally more refined, and the requirements for cultivation techniques are also higher. That's all for today's sharing. If you have any other questions, remember to leave a message for me.