What are the methods for controlling pests and diseases of kidney beans?
The scientific name of the kidney bean is Phaseolus vulgaris, commonly known as the second-season bean or four-season bean. It is a common legume vegetable in our daily lives, and we often encounter some problems when growing kidney beans. Pests and diseases are a headache for farmers, as they seriously affect the yield of kidney beans and the income of farmers. So what are the common pests and diseases of kidney beans? And how should they be controlled? Let's take a look.
1. Anthracnose
Kidney bean anthracnose is more severe in the rainy season. It not only affects the yield but also reduces the commercial value of the kidney beans. This disease can be identified throughout the entire growth period, mainly harming the stems, leaves and pods. When the leaves are affected, brown round spots appear, and in severe cases the spots crack or perforate, and finally the leaves wither and die; when the pods are affected, small brown spots appear and gradually spread into round spots, and when the humidity is high, a pink sticky substance oozes out.
Control methods: Reasonable crop rotation, choose varieties with strong disease resistance, select disease-free seeds for sowing, and before sowing, seeds can be dressed and disinfected with carbendazim. When the disease occurs, spray thiophanate-methyl and thiram for control.
2. Bacterial blight
Also known as fire blight, it occurs severely during periods of high temperature and abundant rain. This disease mainly harms stems and vines, leaves, pods and seeds. When seedlings are affected, water-soaked spots appear on the leaves, gradually turning into red-brown canker-like spots. The spots encircle the stem vine, eventually causing the seedling to break off and die. When adult plants are affected, water-soaked dark green spots appear at the leaf tips or leaf margins, gradually expanding into irregular brown spots, and finally the spots join together and cause the entire leaf to wither and die.
Control methods: Reasonable crop rotation, choose excellent varieties with strong disease resistance. Before sowing, soak the seeds with streptomycin sulfate, then dress them with thiram before sowing. When the disease occurs, spray agricultural streptomycin for control, once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive times, with good results.
3. Sclerotinia rot
Sclerotinia rot mainly harms stems, leaves, pods and branches. It first infects the main stem and leaf axils, where light green spots appear, then gradually enlarge, and finally form water-soaked spots. The surface of the spots is relatively slimy, then dries and becomes grayish brown and white.
Control methods: Reasonable crop rotation; it should not be rotated with legume crops, rapeseed, mustard, sunflower and other crops. In the early flowering stage, dimethachlon can be sprayed for prevention.
4. Pests
The main pests of kidney beans include root-knot nematodes, root maggots, slugs, aphids, red spider mites, whiteflies, leafminers, etc. They harm the root system, leaves, stems and vines, and pods of the kidney bean plants. During pest outbreaks, the light result is reduced yield, and the severe result is total crop failure.
Control methods: After harvest, combine with garden cleaning, plow the soil to reduce pest sources. Pesticides can also be mixed with fine soil and spread on the soil to kill pests, or spray thiazophos and metaldehyde granules for control.
The above is an introduction to the pest and disease control methods for kidney beans. We hope it can help you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please follow us.