What are the causes of soybean flower and pod drop?
Soybean is one of China's important grain and oil crops, and with the rapid development of the soybean planting industry, its planting scale and planting area are becoming wider and wider. However, during cultivation, the phenomenon of flower and pod drop is also increasing day by day, seriously affecting the yield and quality of soybean and reducing the income of growers. So what are the causes of soybean flower and pod drop? Let's take a look.
1. Poor ventilation and light penetration
During planting, because the sowing or planting density is too high, ventilation and light penetration are poor, the plants tend to grow excessively and close the rows too early, the light conditions in the lower half of the plants are poor, and leaf yellowing and shedding are very likely to occur. Photosynthesis is poor, the production and accumulation of nutrients are low, so the phenomenon of flower and pod drop easily occurs.
2. Unreasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer
Nitrogen has a promoting effect on plant growth. When planting soybean, reasonable application of soybean fertilizer can promote the development of soybean rhizobia, increase the plant's nitrogen fixation capacity, and improve yield. However, if nitrogen fertilizer is applied excessively, it will not only inhibit the nitrogen fixation capacity of soybean, but also cause excessive nutrition, leading to excessive growth, closure and lodging of the plants, and the occurrence of flower and pod drop.
3. Nutrient imbalance
When soybean is flowering and podding, it is the period of greatest nutrient demand, and the demand for nutrients at this time accounts for 45%-55% of the total demand. If the nutrient supply is insufficient or imbalanced, it will lead to a large amount of flower and pod drop. Therefore, when soybean is flowering and podding, topdressing must be carried out in time to ensure nutrient supply, so that it produces more flowers and pods and the yield is increased.
4. Improper water management
Soybean's demand for water varies with each growth period. During the flowering and podding period, if water is lacking, the plants will wilt, and their ability to absorb nutrients from the soil will be poor, while the lack of water and nutrients will lead to a large amount of flower and pod shedding. However, if the water is excessive, the ground temperature is low, and the humidity is high after rain, it will affect the photosynthesis of the plants, causing the synthesis and transport of nutrients to be slower and more flowers and pods to shed.
5. Pests and diseases
Pests and diseases are one of the main factors affecting the soybean planting industry. Pests and diseases will damage the leaves of the plants, causing the photosynthesis of the leaves to weaken, and the synthesis and transport of nutrients to be affected, thus causing flower and pod shedding.
The above is an introduction to the causes of soybean flower and pod drop. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please follow us.