Detailed Guide to Rice Cultivation Techniques: From Sowing to Field Management
Rice is an indispensable staple food for people in the south, and it is grown across a very wide area in southern China. Almost every household in rural areas grows it, and as China's population continues to grow, the demand for rice keeps increasing. Many new growers are still joining in, but their cultivation techniques are not very mature yet. Below, the editor brings you the cultivation techniques for rice. Let's take a look!
1. Seed treatment
Before planting, select good-quality rice seeds. Based on local weather changes and soil conditions, choose pure, plump seeds that can adapt well. Then soak and disinfect them. When disinfecting, be careful not to damage the seeds. Disinfectants such as strong chlorinated lime preparation can be used, as they effectively disinfect without harming the seeds. After soaking, take them out and wrap them in wet gauze for sprouting. Keep the temperature at around 31°C. When the temperature rises, be sure to turn the pile. When most of the seeds have sprouted white, lower the temperature to around 25°C. During sprouting, pay attention to temperature changes and keep the temperature within a suitable range. After sprouting, dry them in a cool, shaded place, then sow and raise seedlings at the right time.
2. Seedling raising and transplanting
The common method of raising rice seedlings in rural China is seedling tray cultivation. Prepare the nutrient soil in the seedling trays and apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is mainly farmyard manure, combined with an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer, and mix it evenly with the soil. Sow at the right time when the temperature is above 7°C. After sowing, cover with fine soil to raise the soil temperature and ensure the seeds can germinate normally and have the various nutrients needed for germination. After emergence, do a good job of seedling management. High-quality rice seedlings are the key to ensuring successful rice cultivation. When the seedlings grow to about 8 cm, transplanting and seedling setting can begin.
3. Water and fertilizer management
Rice has a very high demand for water, and a certain water level must be maintained in the paddy field throughout the entire growth period of rice. Water should also be applied appropriately according to the growth of the rice and the soil moisture content. For example, the young panicle stage and the heading and flowering stage are periods of greater water demand. During these two periods, sufficient water must be ensured and watering should be timely. Fertilization of rice is also very important. The tillering stage of rice is the first period of relatively high fertilizer demand, so the first topdressing should be carried out then. Sufficient nutrients can promote the growth of rice seedlings, ensure the plumpness of the grain quality at heading, and increase yield. In the middle and later stages, topdress appropriately according to the soil and rice growth conditions.
4. Field management
After transplanting, there are generally cases of empty planting, so after setting the seedlings we must also do a good job of checking the seedlings. If empty holes are found, promptly fill them with high-quality rice seedlings to ensure planting density and the basic number of rice seedlings. Also, before and after transplanting, a field-sealing agent can be sprayed appropriately to inhibit the germination of weed seeds in the paddy field. After transplanting, weed control should also be done well to prevent weeds from taking away the nutrients needed for the growth of rice seedlings. Along with weeding, pest control should also be done well. Rice pest damage is relatively serious, and a common pest is the leaf miner. Insecticides can be sprayed appropriately for control, and the dosage should be noted to prevent harm to the rice.
The above is a brief introduction to rice cultivation techniques. In fact, rice cultivation techniques in China are already very mature. However, there are still some cases of planting failure, mainly caused by improper management. Therefore, I hope everyone will do a good job of field management when planting, ensure the normal growth of rice, and avoid unnecessary losses. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you for reading and supporting.