What are the methods for controlling pests and diseases in mustard greens?
Mustard greens (Brassica juncea) is an annual herb of the genus Brassica in the cruciferous family, and is a vegetable unique to China. It is cultivated in all parts of China. Its leaves can be pickled for consumption, and its seeds and whole plant can be used as medicine, having the effects of resolving phlegm, calming asthma, reducing swelling and relieving pain. The seeds can also be used as a seasoning and for oil extraction, so it can truly be said to be a treasure from top to bottom. So how should pests and diseases be controlled when growing it? Let's take a look.
1. Soft rot
This disease mainly harms the rhizome. When it occurs, water-soaked irregular lesions appear at the stem base or on the roots near the ground. As the disease progresses, the lesions gradually expand, eventually causing internal soft rot, with mucus flowing out from the soft rot area and giving off a foul odor.
Control method: When the disease occurs, spray copper-ammonia complex aqueous solution or 7 agricultural streptomycin for control, spraying once every week, and after 2-3 times it can be successfully controlled.
2. Black spot disease
Black spot disease mainly harms the leaves. When it occurs, round or nearly round lesions appear on the leaves. When the disease is severe, the lesions merge together, causing local withering and death of the leaves, and in the later stage perforations appear.
Control method: In the early stage of the disease, spray chlorothalonil and dubas fungicide for control, likewise once a week, for 2-3 consecutive times.
3. Viral disease
Viral disease harms both seedlings and mature plants. When seedlings are affected, chlorotic round spots appear on the leaves, and later yellow-green mottling and mosaic symptoms appear on the leaves, along with symptoms such as leaf wrinkling. After mature plants are infected, the heart leaves also show the same symptoms of damage, and in severe cases the leaves become deformed, the veins necrose, and the plant growth becomes stunted, stopping growth or dying.
Control method: Sow as late as possible, as early sowing is more susceptible to this disease than late sowing. This disease is mostly spread by aphids, so when controlling it, the first step is to cut off the transmission route and do a good job of killing aphids, using pesticides such as dimethoate emulsion, silathion and pirimicarb for control.
4. Aphids
Aphids are not only a transmission route for viral disease, but can also cause harm to mustard greens themselves. Both adults and nymphs can cause damage. During outbreaks, large numbers of adults and nymphs gather on tender leaves to suck sap, often causing leaves to lose green color and turn yellow, wilt and die, causing great harm.
Control method: After the winter harvest, clear weeds and crop residues from the field, and plow the soil deeply to destroy overwintering eggs. When planting, pesticides can be made into poisoned soil to kill them, and during outbreaks, pesticides can be sprayed to kill them.
The above are the pest and disease control methods for mustard greens. We hope this helps you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.