How much do peanut seeds cost? Detailed planting methods
Peanut is a widely eaten nut, also known as groundnut, longevity fruit, mud bean, etc. It is an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Arachis in the Fabaceae family, with abundant root nodules on the roots, and stems that are erect or prostrate. It is widely cultivated throughout China, and is suited to sandy soil areas with a warm climate and moderate rainfall, with a relatively long growing season. Below, let us take a look at peanut seed prices and planting methods!
How much is a jin of peanut seeds?
The price of peanut seeds is about 8 to 10 yuan per jin, but prices vary greatly depending on seed quality, variety, place of origin, market, and so on. Peanuts are very commonly grown in China. Usually one mu of land needs about twenty jin of peanut seeds, with one thousand holes per mu, two to three seeds per hole, and a yield of about 600 jin per mu; high-yield fields can approach 800 jin.
What varieties of peanuts are there?
1. Common type: The pod shell is thick, the veins are smooth, the pod resembles a cocoon, with no keel, and the seeds are mostly oval. This is the main variety cultivated in China.
2. Waist-constricted type: The pod shell is very thin, the veins are prominent, there is a keel, and there are three or more seeds, occasionally two; the seed coat color is dull with no luster.
3. Multi-seed type: The pods contain many seeds, arranged like a string of beads; the shell is thick, the veins are smooth, and the seed coat is mostly red, occasionally white.
4. Pearl type: The pod shell is thin, the pods are small, generally with two seeds, a high kernel yield, plump seeds, mostly peach-shaped, and the seed coat is mostly white.
Sowing methods for peanuts
1. Sowing time: The optimum temperature for peanut flowering is 23 to 28°C, with a minimum temperature of 19°C; the optimum temperature for pod setting is 25 to 30°C, with a minimum temperature of 15°C. Sowing time should be reasonably arranged according to local temperatures and local sowing habits; suitable sowing time is conducive to high yield.
2. Sowing method: Peanut sowing methods follow the cultivation method, including open-field sowing and film-mulch sowing. Planting density is determined by plant height, fruiting range, and leaf area size; planting density is decided according to climate characteristics, soil fertility, selected varieties, and cultivation conditions.
3. Sowing depth: The suitable sowing depth for peanuts is about 5 cm. The principles to master are “do not sow deep when dry, do not sow shallow when wet” and sow shallow in clay soil, deep in sandy soil or large sandy plots. For open-field cultivation, the deepest must not exceed 7 cm, and the shallowest must not be less than 3 cm.
4. Pressing after sowing: Pressing after sowing is an effective way to sow peanuts for drought resistance and ensure a full stand. Pressing not only reduces soil moisture evaporation, but also brings the seeds into close contact with the soil, promotes the rise of moisture from deeper soil layers, prevents drying out, and facilitates germination and emergence.
Peanut planting methods
1. Checking seedlings and filling gaps: After peanuts emerge, check the seedlings promptly, and replant in places with serious gaps in time, so that the number of seedlings per unit area reaches the planned requirement. This work is generally carried out 3 to 5 days after emergence.
2. Clearing around seedlings to strengthen them: Peanut seedling clearing is done during the first intertillage after the peanuts have a full stand, using a small hoe to push the soil around the peanut seedlings outward in all directions, exposing the 2 cotyledons and the first pair of lateral branches above the soil surface, so as to favor the robust development of the first pair of lateral branches and make the seedlings grow strongly.
3. Irrigation and drainage: Peanuts fear both drought and waterlogging. The irrigation period is mainly determined according to the amount and distribution of precipitation during the peanut growth period, the soil moisture content, and the soil moisture requirements of peanuts at each growth stage.
4. Moderate control: About 30 days after peanut flowering, to prevent excessive vegetative growth, when the plants grow too vigorously and the field closes rows too early, spray paclobutrazol on the leaves for chemical control. Applying it to fields with excessive growth can increase yield by 10%.
5. Disease and pest control: Peanuts are susceptible to leaf spot disease and peanut rust. For leaf spot disease, use 70 to 80 kg per mu of 75% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold solution or 70 to 80 kg of 50% carbendazim 800 to 1000-fold solution. For peanut rust, use 30 to 40 ml per mu of 20% triadimefon emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 40 kg of water.