Mung Bean Seed Prices and a Detailed Guide to Growing Methods
Mung bean, also known as green small bean, lu bean, and zhi bean, is an annual upright herbaceous plant of the genus Vigna in the Fabaceae family. It originated in regions such as India and Myanmar, and has a cultivation history of more than two thousand years in China. It is grown in both the north and the south, and its seeds are used for food and can also be processed into starch to make bean paste, vermicelli, and more. Below, let us take a look at mung bean seed prices and growing methods!
How much does one jin of mung bean seeds cost?
The price of mung bean seeds is about 8 to 10 yuan per jin, but it varies depending on seed quality, variety, place of origin, and the market. Mung beans are cultivated in the Yellow River and Huai River basins as well as in the provinces of the North China Plain, especially in Sichuan, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Jiangsu, and Liaoning. The seeding rate per mu is generally 3 to 4 jin, and the yield per mu is generally about 200 to 300 jin.
Sowing Methods for Mung Beans
1. Land preparation: Mung bean is drought-tolerant and tolerant of poor soil, with wide adaptability. It is a deep-rooted crop with thick cotyledons and has strict requirements for land preparation. Before sowing, the soil should be deeply plowed and finely harrowed to achieve a loose top and firm bottom with consistent depth; otherwise, emergence will be affected.
2. Fertilization: Before sowing mung beans, apply 2500 to 3500 kg of farmyard manure and about 10 kg of superphosphate per mu at one time. If there is no time to fertilize at sowing, an appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer can be applied as a top dressing in the early growth stage to enhance the nitrogen-fixing effect of the root nodules.
3. Sowing time: The growth period of mung bean is generally only 60 to 120 days, and the suitable sowing period is very long. It can be sown in spring and summer. Spring sowing is from late April to early and mid-May, and summer sowing is in mid-to-late June. Early sowing should be pursued.
4. Sowing: Before sowing mung beans, spread the seeds thinly on a mat and sun them continuously for 1 to 2 days to promote germination and emergence. Drilling is the main sowing method, with a row spacing of about 40 cm and a sowing depth of 3 to 5 cm.
Growing Methods for Mung Beans
1. Field selection and intercropping: Mung bean has especially strong adaptability and can grow in ordinary sandy soil, thin hillside land, black soil, and clay soil. It is often intercropped with crops such as corn, sorghum, cotton, sweet potato, sesame, and millet, and can be planted on field ridges and in gaps, but continuous cropping is avoided.
2. Deep plowing and land preparation: Before sowing mung beans, deep plow and finely harrow, prepare the land carefully, and level the clods so that the soil is loose, stores water, and preserves moisture, preventing soil compaction, with a loose top and firm bottom, so as to facilitate emergence and implement crop rotation.
3. Reasonable close planting: The planting density of mung beans should be determined according to variety characteristics and soil fertility. Generally, the principles are: dense for early-maturing varieties, sparse for late-maturing varieties; dense for upright types, sparse for semi-vining types, and even sparser for vining types; sparse on fertile land, dense on poor land; sparse for early planting, dense for late planting.
4. Cultivation and weeding: After the first compound leaf of mung bean unfolds, carry out the first shallow hoeing together with thinning. After the second compound leaf unfolds, start final thinning and carry out the second cultivation. At the branching stage, carry out the third deep cultivation and earth up around the roots. Cultivation should continue until the rows close.
5. Drainage and irrigation: Mung bean requires less water at the seedling stage, and the flowering and pod stage is the peak period of water demand. If drought occurs at this time, irrigation should be done in time, but it is also afraid of waterlogging and flooding. Excessive moisture at the seedling stage can cause root rot and dead seedlings, while waterlogging in the later stage leads to poor plant growth and reduced yield.
6. Reasonable fertilization: The root system of mung bean has nitrogen-fixing ability, so fertilization is often not applied in production. However, in order to increase mung bean yield on medium- and low-yield plots, fertilizer should be added. Generally, about 10 kg per mu of seed fertilizer diammonium phosphate or nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer is applied.
7. Timely harvesting: Mung beans should be harvested as they ripen according to the situation, but large-scale planting often requires a single harvest. The sign for timely harvest is when 2/3 of the pods turn brown-black. However, under high temperature conditions, mature pods tend to split, so harvesting should be done in the morning before the dew dries or in the evening.
Pest and Disease Control of Mung Beans
1. Black cutworm
[Damage] Young larvae often gather on the heart leaves or undersides of leaves of seedlings to feed, often eating the leaves into a net-like pattern. Larvae after the 3rd instar bite off the tender stems of seedlings near the ground and drag them into holes, with the upper leaves exposed outside the hole, causing missing plants and broken rows.
[Control] Plow the land, remove weeds, and trap and kill adults and larvae. Before the larvae reach the 3rd instar, spray with 90% trichlorfon 1000-fold solution, or 2.5% deltamethrin 300-fold solution, or 20% shuguolin 3000-fold solution.
2. Aphids
[Damage] The aphids harming mung beans mainly include bean aphid, pea aphid, and cotton long-tube aphid, among which bean aphid causes the most serious damage. Generally, yield can be reduced by 20 to 30%, and in severe cases by 50 to 60%.
[Control] Use 1.5% dimethoate powder or 2.5% trichlorfon powder, etc., applying 2 kg per mu in the morning or evening. A 40% dimethoate emulsion 1000- to 500-fold solution, or 50% malathion 100-fold solution, or 50% phosphamidon emulsifiable concentrate 2000-fold solution can also be sprayed.
3. Red spider mite
[Damage] Adults and nymphs suck plant sap on the undersides of leaves. On the upper surface of affected leaves, yellow-white spots appear. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow and dry up, and the field looks as if scorched by fire. Plants defoliate early, affecting grain formation and leading to reduced yield.
[Control] A 40% omethoate emulsion 2000-fold solution, or 50% malathion emulsifiable concentrate 1000-fold solution, or 50% dibrom 2000-fold solution can be used, sprayed once every 5 days for 2 to 3 consecutive sprays.
4. Viral disease
[Damage] The disease can occur from after mung bean emergence to the adult plant stage. Mottling appears on the leaves or the green parts become uneven, and the leaves shrink. Symptoms on pods are not obvious.
[Control] At the early stage of disease onset, begin spraying with 20% virus A wettable powder 500-fold solution or 15% virusbike wettable powder 500- to 700-fold solution.
5. Brown spot
[Damage] At the early stage of disease onset, water-soaked brown small spots appear on the leaves. In severe cases, the lesions merge into patches and quickly dry up. Affected pods have brown lesions, and in the later stage the lesions expand and the pods dry up.
[Control] At the early stage of disease onset, spray with 50% carbendazim·diethofencarb (carbendazim·diethofencarb) wettable powder 1000- to 1500-fold solution + 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800-fold solution, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive treatments.
6. Root rot
[Damage] At the early stage of disease onset, the heart leaves turn yellow. If the root system is pulled out for observation, when the lower part of the stem and the upper part of the main root are seen to be rotting, the plant will wither and die.
[Control] At the early stage of disease onset, choose 75% chlorothalonil 600-fold solution, or 15% fulanling 600-fold solution, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000-fold solution for spraying. Spray once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive sprays.
7. Leaf spot
[Damage] In the early stage there are small water-soaked spots, and in the later stage they become necrotic spots, perforate, and fall off. Plants age prematurely. The disease is severe at the flowering and pod-setting stage under high temperature and high humidity.
[Control] Starting at the bud stage, use 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 50% benlate 1000-fold solution plus plant growth regulators, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive sprays, to control the epidemic of the disease.
8. Powdery mildew
[Damage] Small white powdery lesions are scattered on the leaf surface. When the climate is suitable, the lesions expand rapidly, and the diseased leaves are covered with white powdery material. Affected young pods become deformed, and white powdery material also appears on their surface.
[Control] At the early stage of disease onset, spray with 15% triadimefon wettable powder 1000- to 1500-fold solution, or 20% triadimefon emulsifiable concentrate 2000-fold solution.