How much does a jin of pea seeds cost? With planting methods

Pea is also known as cold bean, wheat bean, snow bean, etc. It is an annual climbing herbaceous plant of the genus Pisum in the Fabaceae family, native to the Mediterranean and Central Asia regions, and is now one of the world's important cultivated crops. In China, the main producing areas include Sichuan, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Qinghai, Jiangxi and other places. Let's take a look together at pea seed prices and planting methods!

How much does a jin of pea seeds cost?

The price of pea seeds is about 3 to 6 yuan per jin, but prices vary greatly depending on seed quality, variety, place of origin and market. Peas are propagated by seed in production. The starting temperature for seed germination is relatively low: 1 to 2°C for round-seeded types and 3 to 5°C for wrinkled-seeded types, but germination is slow at low temperatures. The seedlings have strong cold resistance, with a suitable temperature of 15 to 20°C. The minimum temperature for flowering is 8 to 12°C, the most suitable temperature for flowering and pod setting is 15 to 18°C, and the pod ripening stage requires 18 to 20°C. Under high temperature and drought, the pods mature prematurely.

What varieties of peas are there?

1. Tiancui: The tender pods are light green, crisp and tender in texture, and sweet in taste. Each pod has 6 to 7 seeds, and the 1000-seed weight at maturity is about 200 grams. It is early maturing, and tender pods begin to be harvested about 70 days after sowing. It is suitable for planting in North China, Northeast China, East China and Southwest China.

2. Caoyuan 31: Each pod has 4 to 5 seeds, and the 1000-seed weight at maturity is about 250 to 270 grams. It is not sensitive to daylength and can be cultivated in most parts of the country. It has strong adaptability and is relatively resistant to root rot and brown spot.

3. Jingyin 8625: The tender pods are thick in flesh, crisp and tender in texture, and of excellent quality. Each pod has 5 to 6 seeds. At maturity the seeds are green, with a 1000-seed weight of about 200 grams. It has strong adaptability and a long harvest period.

4. Gray pea: Seedlings can emerge 2 days after sowing at 20 to 25°C. The seedlings grow vigorously and can reach about 15 cm after 10 days. The leaves are tender and crisp, with excellent quality. It has wide adaptability to temperature and can be cultivated under both low and high temperatures. It is suitable for intensive production of pea shoots.

5. Zhongwan No. 8: Each plant sets 7 to 11 pods, with 5 to 7 seeds per pod. It is dry and early maturing, with a yield of 400 to 500 kg of green pods per mu. It is drought resistant and strongly cold resistant, suitable for planting in North China, Northeast China and Northwest China.

Pea sowing methods

1. Seed selection and sprouting: Before sowing peas, use 40% salt water to select seeds and remove the floating, unfilled or insect-damaged seeds. Before sowing, sprout the seeds. When the seeds sprout, place them at a low temperature of 0 to 2°C for 15 days before sowing.

2. Mixing with rhizobia: After peas are treated with rhizobia, root nodules increase, stems and leaves grow vigorously, more pods are set, and yields are higher. The mixing method is to use 10 to 19 grams of rhizobia per mu, add a little water and mix evenly with the seeds before sowing.

3. Timely sowing: Apply sufficient base fertilizer before sowing peas, especially phosphate fertilizer, which has an obvious yield-increasing effect. Sow in holes, with 2 to 6 seeds per hole. When the soil is moist, cover with 5 to 6 cm of soil; when the soil is dry, cover with a slightly thicker layer. Use 10 to 15 kg of seed per mu.

Pea planting methods

1. Cropping system: Peas should not be continuously cropped. Continuous cropping can cause toxic effects on subsequent peas and increase the occurrence of pests and diseases. Therefore, they usually need to be rotated with other crops. White-flowered varieties require a longer rotation period. They can also be mixed-cropped and intercropped with other crops.

2. Land selection: Drip irrigation cultivation of peas has lower requirements for soil and is beneficial to seedling survival and crop growth. Therefore, land with deep soil layers, relatively light soil salinity and alkalinity, and medium fertility can all be used for planting.

3. Timely loosening of soil: After sowing peas, shallowly loosen the soil several times to increase soil temperature, promote root growth and make the seedlings strong. For autumn-sown cultivation, carry out one hilling before overwintering to keep warm and prevent freezing. After spring begins, loosen the soil and weed in time to increase soil temperature.

4. Reasonable fertilization: Before peas flower, water lightly and apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. When pods begin to set on the stems, slightly increase the amount of watering and apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. During the peak pod-setting period, the soil should be kept constantly moist. In the late pod-setting period, reduce watering, and apply fertilizer once after each harvest.

5. Timely harvest: The harvest time of peas depends on the way they are used. Grain peas are harvested when the seeds are plump 15 to 18 days after flowering. Dry peas are harvested when 70 to 80% of the pods turn yellow and withered. Vegetable peas are harvested 12 to 14 days after flowering, when the tender pods show seeds but not yet distinct grains.

Pea pest and disease control

1. Root rot

[Damage] The disease can occur from seedlings to mature plants, and infection is most common during the flowering period. It mainly damages the roots or stem base. The leaves of diseased plants first turn yellow, then gradually spread to the middle and upper parts, causing the whole plant to turn yellow and wither.

[Control] Seed dressing with 20% triadimefon emulsifiable concentrate at 0.25% of seed weight, or seed dressing with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 0.2% of seed weight, both have certain effects.

2. Brown spot

[Damage] Infected leaves show irregular light purple small spots. Under high temperature and high humidity, the lesions spread rapidly, and later the diseased leaves turn yellow, become distorted and die. Some show dark brown irregular concentric ring spots, and black small spots are produced in the necrotic center.

[Control] In the early stage of the disease, spray 50% benomyl wettable powder suspension at 800 times dilution, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution, once every 7 days, spraying 2 to 3 times in succession.

3. Powdery mildew

[Damage] In the early stage of the disease, there are light yellow small spots on the leaf surface, which expand into irregular powdery patches. In severe cases, both sides of the leaves are covered with a layer of white powder and finally turn yellow and die. In the later stage, the powdery patches turn gray and many small black granular spots grow.

[Control] In the early stage of the disease, spray 25% triadimefon wettable powder at 2000 to 3000 times dilution, or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 1000 times dilution, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or lime sulfur mixture at 0.2 to 0.3 degrees Baume for control.

4. Black stem fly

[Damage] Newly hatched larvae bore into the main stem from the tender parts of the leaf veins and petioles, feeding on the pith and xylem. If control is not timely, it will cause severe yield reduction.

[Control] The pesticides used are 40% dimethoate, or 40% omethoate, or 50% fenitrothion, or 45% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, all of which need to be diluted 1000 times with water, applying 75 kg of spray liquid per mu.

5. Leafminer

[Damage] The larvae feed inside plant leaves or petioles, forming linear or curved, coiled irregular mines that affect plant photosynthesis, thereby causing economic losses.

[Control] Spray 800 times dilution of Mieshashi (21% synergized cyanide-horse emulsifiable concentrate), 2500 times dilution of 2.5% deltamethrin or 20% fenvalerate, 2000 times dilution of 10% bromo-horse emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times dilution of 10% ju-ma emulsifiable concentrate, and 3000 to 4000 times dilution of 1.8% abamectin and 1.8% Haitongsha.