Detailed Explanation of Welsh Onion Planting Methods and Cultivation Techniques
The most famous Welsh onions in our country can be said to be those from Northeast China. One important factor is that Welsh onion is a relatively strongly flavored food for Northeasterners, who like to eat raw Welsh onions and drink big bowls of liquor, and the Welsh onion cultivation techniques in Northeast China are also very well developed, producing Welsh onions that are large, white and tender. So today let us take a look at Welsh onion cultivation techniques.
1. Select good seeds
There are many varieties of Welsh onion, and Welsh onion has strong adaptability to the environment. Basically any seed can grow in any location, except that this relates to its yield and quality. Therefore, before planting, we should choose varieties suitable for the local climate. We can first investigate the local Welsh onion planting situation and choose varieties with good quality, high yield and a decent market price for planting. Secondly, we can plant multiple varieties at the same time, check the economic benefits of planting, and then select the best ones.
2. Land preparation and fertilization
Welsh onion does not have high requirements for the planting site. Generally, any plot with sufficient sunlight, close to a water source for convenient irrigation, and relatively rich soil organic matter content can be used for planting. During land preparation, deep plow at least about 30 cm, and clean up impurities in the soil as well as residual pests and weed roots, so that later management will be simpler. Finally, break the soil clods as much as possible, then rake level, and at the same time open furrows and make beds at a width of about 1 m to 1.5 m, then wait for planting.
3. Scientific planting
There are three main ways to plant Welsh onion, namely seed propagation, division propagation and bulb propagation. The suitable planting time is generally around May to June each year. Then open furrows at a spacing of 30 cm per row for drilling or strip planting. For strip planting, the spacing between each plant is about 5 to 8 cm. Before planting, the planting site must be watered thoroughly, so that the survival rate can be increased by at least about 15%.
4. Fertilization techniques
Fertilization for Welsh onion mainly needs to be determined according to the fertility of the planting site and the growth condition of the Welsh onion. Generally, the first fertilization is carried out after the Start of Autumn. Under normal fertilization conditions, about 2,000 kg of farmyard manure per mu is needed, or 200 kg of cake fertilizer plus 20 kg of urea. Then after the End of Heat, a second topdressing is carried out. For this fertilization, only about 15 kg of urea is needed. Finally, it depends on the growth condition of the Welsh onion. If the branches and leaves of the Welsh onion are relatively thin and also rather mixed with a hooked and bent appearance, then we also need to apply an appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer. And at each growth stage of Welsh onion, add an appropriate amount of fertilizer to supplement the nutrients needed for Welsh onion growth.
5. Field management
About five to six days after transplanting, they will not emerge. But the summer temperature is relatively high, and the rainfall is also relatively heavy, so we should be prepared for waterlogging prevention and drainage. At the same time, after rain, timely intertillage should be carried out to prevent the soil from becoming compacted. The root system of Welsh onion is relatively weak, so the humidity in the planting site should be kept at least at about 75%. When the weather is not especially dry, basically there is no need for excessive watering. It is only necessary to strengthen the management of field soil permeability and weed control.
6. Pest and disease control
The most common diseases and pests of Welsh onion are purple blotch, onion rust, soft rot, as well as thrips, leaf miners and moth pests. These three relatively common diseases are basically caused by excessive field humidity combined with relatively high temperatures, which triggers the production of field fungi and then infects the entire Welsh onion plant, causing disease onset. We can generally use chlorothalonil, mancozeb solution and copper hydroxide for control, and at the same time strengthen field water management and temperature regulation. As for the pests that harm Welsh onion growth, imidacloprid, abamectin and emamectin benzoate can be used for spraying and killing.