Detailed Guide to Coffee Bean Planting Methods and Techniques

Coffee bean is a plant that grows in tropical or subtropical regions. It is the seed produced by the coffee tree, and because its shape closely resembles a bean, people call it coffee bean. Actually, we are all quite familiar with it, especially those who enjoy drinking coffee, because coffee beans are the most original material of coffee. Many people love drinking coffee, which requires coffee bean production. Let's learn about coffee bean planting methods together below.

1. Site Selection and Land Preparation

The coffee tree is a warmth-loving plant. The planting site is generally chosen on plots with relatively abundant sunlight. Secondly, its growth does not require too much water, nor does the soil fertility need to be too rich. Generally, idle land, plains, hillsides and other sandy soils with good drainage are suitable, and permeability should also be good enough. After selecting the site, evenly spread fertilizer across the field at a rate of two thousand jin per mu, then carry out deep plowing. At the same time, the soil needs to be broken up fine and raked level. You can open furrows and make beds, or you can leave it without doing so.

2. Timely Sowing

Coffee beans are generally sown in mid-to-late April each year. At this time, the temperature can basically reach around 15 to 20 degrees, which meets the germination requirements of coffee beans. Before sowing, we need to first soak the seeds in warm water for one day, then rinse them clean with fresh water, wrap them in a dampened cotton cloth, and generally after placing them for three to four days, most of the seeds have already sprouted. At this point, sowing can begin. When sowing, drilling is generally done with a row spacing of 60 cm, covering with a thin layer of soil. If the soil is relatively dry, the soil needs to be watered once before sowing, which can promote the speed of seed emergence. Under normal conditions, seedlings will emerge in about ten days.

3. Reasonable Close Planting

After half a month, coffee bean seedlings can basically grow to three to four cm. At this point, we can first pull out some seedlings in the field that are very weak or growing particularly densely. When the seedlings grow to about 10 to 15 cm, thinning to a final stand can be carried out. Generally, planting is done at an interval of 30 cm between each plant.

4. Field Management

About five to seven days after planting, it is necessary to check the growth of the seedlings in the field and promptly fill in any missing seedlings. After the coffee bean seedlings grow new branches and leaves, we need to carry out appropriate intertillage and weeding to maintain soil permeability. Water management for coffee beans is actually relatively simple, because coffee beans have quite good drought resistance. Generally, as long as there is a certain level of humidity, they can grow normally. So we only need to water according to the growing conditions of the coffee beans. Generally, after watering at planting, there is no need to water again until the flowering period. At the same time, watering should be stopped when the fruit is close to maturity. Since coffee bean growth does not require excessive nutrients, apart from base fertilizer, generally only one topdressing is needed. When the seedlings grow to about 30 to 40 cm, apply an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, which can prevent coffee beans from lodging.

5. Pest and Disease Control

The most important disease of coffee beans is gray leaf spot, which is a fungal infectious disease. It mainly harms the branches and leaves of coffee beans. In the early stage of the disease, brown spots appear on the leaf surface. As the condition gradually worsens, gray mold appears, and finally the entire plant withers or even becomes water-soaked. We can use zineb solution for control. The most common pest is mainly aphids, which can be directly sprayed and killed with dimethoate emulsion.