Detailed explanation of the key technical points for off-season greenhouse vegetable cultivation

With social progress and development, greenhouses are being used more and more widely. Greenhouses have excellent heat preservation effects and can bring vegetables to market earlier, and by making use of this characteristic, off-season greenhouse vegetables have risen. Now the spring vegetables on the market are all off-season vegetables grown in greenhouses in winter, so how should off-season cultivation be done? Let us take a look at the detailed introduction below.

1. Building the greenhouse

First, choose a region with flat terrain, convenient water sources, not too strong wind, and sufficient sunlight to build the greenhouse, preferably in plains or hilly areas. Greenhouses are mainly divided into winter-warm greenhouses and spring-autumn greenhouses, among which winter-warm greenhouses are for winter cultivation, while spring-autumn ones are suitable for late autumn and early spring cultivation. After the greenhouse is built, disinfection and sterilization work should be carried out. High-temperature greenhouse sealing or chemical disinfection can be used, which is extremely effective for pest and disease control. Half a month before planting, spray duobai dust powder inside the greenhouse, then seal it and use chlorothalonil smoke agent for fumigation. About a week later, spray carbendazim agent on the ground, which can achieve an excellent disinfection and sterilization effect.

2. Land preparation and fertilization

Before planting, first prepare nutrient soil properly in the greenhouse. This is a key point for vegetable growth. When planting, generally choose fertile soil and apply organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer in combination with land preparation. When fertilizing, pay attention to timing and method. Fertilization should be done one month before planting. When fertilizing, pay attention to the amount. Spread the fertilizer on the soil, then plow it so that it mixes evenly with the soil. In addition, before fertilization, it must undergo fermentation treatment. Apply fully decomposed fertilizer to avoid fermentation in the soil producing toxic gases that harm lettuce growth.

3. Choosing vegetable varieties

Not all vegetables can be grown as off-season vegetables. Choose varieties that are cold-tolerant, highly disease-resistant, and early-maturing, so as to reduce the impact of low temperatures on vegetables, such as zucchini, tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, cucumbers, loofah, and other vegetables. In addition, spinach, Chinese cabbage, and other vegetables can be grown in winter, and the yield will be higher.

4. Field management

When transplanting vegetables, use hole-grasping transplanting. When transplanting, apply organic fertilizer in the holes, which can improve the survival rate. In addition, after transplanting, promptly water to help seedlings recover and maintain soil moisture. Different vegetables have different water requirements, so the number of waterings should be controlled at this point to meet the growth needs of different vegetables. Also loosen the soil and remove weeds regularly to prevent weeds from taking nutrients and affecting vegetable growth. Loosening the soil can promote smoother root growth of seedlings. Also, promptly remove diseased and weak plants to prevent the spread of pests and diseases, reasonably spray growth hormones and growth inhibitors, and strengthen pest and disease control work.

5. Heat preservation, moisture retention, and cold protection work

The key point of off-season vegetable cultivation is to do a good job in heat preservation, moisture retention, and cold protection. Freezing damage may occur under these three conditions: seedling water shortage, low ground temperature and low nighttime temperature, and insufficient root nutrition with weak cold resistance. Therefore, in response to these situations, keep soil moisture at all times; loosen the soil regularly to prevent soil compaction; spray foliar fertilizer regularly to increase plant nutrition; ventilate regularly to reduce the release of toxic gases such as carbon dioxide, and also allow vegetables to adapt to the outside temperature; at night, cover with multiple layers of plastic wrap to reduce heat loss from the greenhouse.

The above are off-season greenhouse vegetable cultivation techniques. I hope they can help you. To learn more about vegetable cultivation knowledge, please stay tuned to us.