Detailed Explanation of Key Cultivation Techniques for Onion-Cucumber-Rape Rotation
Thornless cucumbers prefer fertile soil, so apply sufficient organic fertilizer along with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. Adding molybdenum fertilizer can increase the vitamin content in the fruit and reduce nitrate and nitrite content. Producing 1000 kg of thornless cucumbers requires 2.6 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.4 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 3.5 kg of potassium oxide, of which the fruiting stage accounts for...
After the onion harvest, transplant cucumbers; after the cucumber harvest, sow rape. Per mu, the yield is 4500 kg of onions, 5000 kg of cucumbers, and 2500 kg of rape. The total output value of the three crops exceeds 10,000 yuan, and the net income after deducting costs is about 8000 yuan.Crop rotation schedule:
Onions are sown and raised as seedlings from September 1 to 10, transplanted from late October to early November, and harvested from late May to early June. Cucumbers are sown in early June, vines are pulled in mid-to-late September, then rape is sown. After the rape harvest in late October to early November, onions are transplanted, forming a year-round production cycle.
Key cultivation techniques:
1. Onions
Use the variety Zixing Large Onion. Choose a fertile, loose plot with good water and fertilizer retention, make flat beds, water thoroughly, broadcast dry seeds, and cover with 0.5 cm of soil. To plant one mu of onions, 50 sq m of seedling bed is needed, with a seeding rate of 300-400 g. From late October to early November, prepare the land and transplant. Apply 4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu. Set row spacing at 18 cm and plant spacing at 10-12 cm. Transplant at the depth of the original soil cover, and grade seedlings by size before transplanting. Water promptly after planting. After the seedlings revive, cultivate and hoe 2-3 times to raise soil temperature and promote root development. Before the soil freezes, water thoroughly with winter water, and cover with plastic film in small arched tunnels to protect seedlings through winter safely. After greening returns the following year, remove the small arched tunnels and apply 10 kg of urea per mu along with watering for greening. During the vigorous stem and leaf growth stage, keep the soil alternately dry and moist. During the bulb enlargement stage, water lightly every 4-5 days and apply urea twice at 20 kg each time. In the early bulb enlargement stage, pinch off any bolting flower stalks. Stop watering one week before harvest, and harvest when the pseudostem becomes soft.
2. Cucumbers
Choose disease-resistant varieties such as Jinyuan No. 5 and Qiumei No. 5, and sow directly in early June. After the onion harvest, prepare the land and apply fertilizer: 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 30 kg of superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer per mu. After leveling the land, make beds 120 cm wide, then open furrows along both sides of the bed ridges, and sow two rows of cucumbers per bed. Before sowing, water the furrows first. After the water seeps in, sow pre-germinated seeds in the furrows, one hole every 20 cm, with 2 seeds per hole, then cover with 2 cm of soil. During the seedling stage, water lightly in the furrows and hoe the ridge backs frequently. At the four-heart-one-leaf stage, fill the furrows level during hoeing. Insert trellises and tie vines promptly to prevent seedlings from lodging and developing disease. Cucumber is a vegetable that needs more water, so water lightly and frequently, and apply fertilizer frequently in small amounts. After side branches appear, pinch the growing tips 2-3 leaves before the female flower. When the main vine reaches the top of the trellis, pinch the growing tip, and water and fertilize to encourage more late-season cucumbers.
3. Rape
Use the variety Beijing Wuyue Man. After the cucumber vines are pulled, broadcast directly or sow in rows, and thin seedlings in two rounds to a spacing of 10 cm x 10 cm. Apply fertilizer twice during the whole growth period, 10 kg of potassium treasure each time. Stop fertilizing 10 days before harvest. Rape taller than 15 cm can be harvested and marketed at the appropriate time according to market conditions.