How to prevent and control garlic soft rot? The key is to act early
Garlic soft rot is a bacterial infection disease, and the pathogen is Erwinia carotovora, which mainly reinfects through the pathogen on diseased residues in the soil. Autumn-sown garlic begins to develop the disease from November. The disease is severe in fields with low-lying terrain, heavy rainfall and watering, poor drainage, and high field humidity, and in cultivation using the shaded ditch and sunny bed method...
Garlic soft rot is a bacterial infection disease, and the pathogen is Erwinia carotovora, which mainly reinfects through the pathogen on diseased residues in the soil. Autumn-sown garlic begins to develop the disease from November. The disease is severe in fields with low-lying terrain, heavy rainfall and watering, poor drainage, and high field humidity, and is severe in cultivation using the shaded ditch and sunny bed method, severe in garlic varieties with poor cold resistance, and severe in garlic sown too early and growing too vigorously before the year due to excessive chemical fertilizer application. Comprehensive prevention and control should begin from sowing.
1. Select excellent garlic seeds, with virus-free, disease-resistant, and pest-free garlic seeds being the best.
2. It is advisable to choose flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, soil rich in organic matter, strong fertilizer and water retention capacity, and a previous crop that is not an allium crop for planting garlic. And finely prepare the land, achieving looseness on top and firmness below, to block the source of disease and avoid disease conditions.
3. Apply sufficient decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer mainly based on phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to improve the plant's disease resistance and reduce the occurrence of physiological diseases.
4. Chemical control. (1) Seed garlic treatment: before sowing, use 2.5% Celest suspension seed coating agent at 0.25% of the seed weight to dress and coat the seeds, which can kill the pathogenic bacteria on the garlic body; 50% carbendazim or 77% Kocide or 77% Duoning wettable powder can also be used for seed dressing. The seed dressing method is to mix 100 grams of each pesticide with 5 kg of water, which can dress 50-75 kg of seeds. Mix evenly, dry, and then sow. (2) Soil treatment: This method is suitable for plots where soft rot has already occurred. 77% Duoning wettable powder 600 times solution can be sprayed into the sowing furrow, with 100 kg of spray solution per mu, and sowing immediately after spraying; or copper sulfate, quicklime, and plant ash can be mixed at a ratio of 1:1:100 and spread in the garlic furrows.
5. Control early after the disease occurs. After adopting the above measures, garlic soft rot can generally be prevented and controlled. If it still occurs, spray pesticides in time for control. At the early stage of the disease, use 77% Duoning 600 times solution and 3% Zhongshengmycin 800 times solution, spraying once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays.