What are the key techniques for spring cultivation of carrots?
In recent years, as people's living standards have continued to rise, the area under off-season spring cultivation of carrots has kept increasing. The spring-sowing carrot cultivation techniques are introduced below. 1. Variety selection and sowing rate For spring sowing, choose medium-to-early maturing varieties that are resistant to bolting, of good quality and high yield. Such as New Kuroda 5-inch, Hongxin No. 4...
1. Variety selection and sowing rate For spring sowing, choose medium-to-early maturing varieties that are resistant to bolting, of good quality and high yield. Varieties such as New Kuroda 5-inch, Hongxin No. 4 and Hechunhong No. 1 belong to this type. Sowing rate: 0.75 kg for drilling, 1-1.5 kg per mu for broadcasting.2. Cultivation techniques
1. Determining the suitable sowing date Sowing carrots too early in spring makes them prone to bolting; sowing too late means the fleshy root enlargement occurs during the high-temperature period above 25°C, producing large numbers of deformed roots. The suitable temperature for fleshy root enlargement in carrots is 18-25°C. Based on production experience, provided a bolting-resistant spring variety is chosen, sowing can be done when the daily average temperature is 10°C and the night average temperature is 7°C. Generally, in the northern part of North China sowing is done in early April, in the southern part of North China in late March; in Central China and South China sowing can be done in early March; in high-cold regions such as the Northwest and Northeast, sowing can be done from late April to mid-to-early May.
2. Land preparation, fertilization and seed soaking for sprouting Carrots are a root vegetable crop, so choose a sandy loam or loam with deep soil, fertile soil and good irrigation and drainage. Before sowing, plow deeply and harrow finely, with a plowing depth of no less than 25 cm. Along with plowing, apply 5000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 15 kg of phosphate and potassium fertilizer and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer per 667 sq m. Carrot seeds do not readily absorb water or allow air through, and combined with the low soil temperature of spring sowing, this causes slow seed germination and emergence. To promote early germination and emergence, soak the seeds for sprouting before sowing. The method is to soak the seeds in warm water at 30-35°C for 3-4 h, then take them out, put them in a wet towel or bag to keep moist, and place them at 25-30°C to sprout for 3-4 days, stirring and rinsing regularly. Once 80%-90% of the seeds have sprouted, they can be mixed with wet sand and sown. After sowing, cover evenly with a thin layer of soil and cover with plastic film; straw or stalks can also be used instead.
3. Field management After sowing, keep the soil moist; water immediately, or water after pressing, to create conditions favorable for seed germination and emergence. After the seedlings have emerged completely, remove the covering on a windless morning. Thin the seedlings twice during the seedling stage. The first thinning is done at 1-2 true leaves, removing poor, weak and overly dense seedlings; the second is done at 3-4 true leaves, and after thinning the seedlings are final-thinned, with a plant spacing of 9 cm and a row spacing of 15-18 cm. Cultivating and weeding is the key to a high carrot yield; herbicides can also be used for weeding, commonly 450 kg of 50% prometryn, mixed with 75 kg of water for weeding. In addition, when cultivating, take care to earth up the soil to prevent the top of the fleshy root from being exposed above the ground and forming a green shoulder. To achieve a high carrot yield, water and top-dress 1-2 times throughout the growing period. The first time is 5-7 days after final thinning, applying 3 kg of ammonium sulfate and 3 kg of phosphate and potassium fertilizer per 667 sq m together with watering. The second time is at 8-9 true leaves, namely the early stage of fleshy root enlargement, which is also the period of greatest water demand; together with watering, top-dress 7.5 kg of ammonium sulfate and 3.5 kg each of phosphate and potassium fertilizer per 667 sq m.
4. Harvesting in stages at the right time Spring-sown carrots sown in late March are generally harvested from mid-to-late June to early July, or they can be harvested in good time according to market demand. When mature, the leaves stop growing, no new leaves appear, and the lower leaves turn yellow. If there is a 0-3°C cold storage, storing them after harvest can supply the whole summer.
1. Variety selection and sowing rate For spring sowing, choose medium-to-early maturing varieties that are resistant to bolting, of good quality and high yield. Varieties such as New Kuroda inch, Hongxin No. 4 and Hechunhong No. 1 belong to this type. Sowing rate: drilling broadcasting per mu 2. Cultivation techniques, determining the suitable sowing date Sowing carrots too early in spring makes them prone to bolting; sowing too late means the fleshy root enlargement occurs during the high-temperature period above °C, producing large numbers of deformed roots. The suitable temperature for fleshy root enlargement in carrots is -°C. Based on production experience, provided a bolting-resistant spring variety is chosen, sowing can be done when the daily average temperature is °C and the night average temperature is °C. Generally, in the northern part of North China sowing is done at the beginning of the month, in the southern part of North China in late month; in Central China and South China sowing can be done in early month; in high-cold regions such as the Northwest and Northeast, sowing can be done from late month to mid-to-early month. , land preparation, fertilization and seed soaking for sprouting Carrots are a root vegetable crop, so choose a sandy loam or loam with deep soil, fertile soil and good irrigation and drainage. Before sowing, plow deeply and harrow finely with a plowing depth of no less than . Along with plowing, apply decomposed farmyard manure, phosphate and potassium fertilizer and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer per . Carrot seeds do not readily absorb water or allow air through, and combined with the low soil temperature of spring sowing, this causes slow seed germination and emergence. To promote early germination and emergence, soak the seeds for sprouting before sowing. The method is to soak the seeds in warm water at -°C for -, then take them out, put them in a wet towel or bag to keep moist, and place them at -°C to sprout for - days, stirring and rinsing regularly. Once of the seeds have sprouted, they can be mixed with wet sand and sown. After sowing, cover evenly with a thin layer of soil and cover with plastic film; straw or stalks can also be used instead. , field management After sowing, keep the soil moist; water immediately, or water after pressing, to create conditions favorable for seed germination and emergence. After the seedlings have emerged completely, remove the covering on a windless morning. Thin the seedlings during the seedling stage. The first time is done at - true leaves, removing poor, weak and overly dense seedlings; the second time is done at - true leaves, and after thinning the seedlings are final-thinned, with a plant spacing of and a row spacing of -. Cultivating and weeding is the key to a high carrot yield; herbicides can also be used for weeding, commonly prometryn, mixed with water for weeding. In addition, when cultivating, take care to earth up the soil to prevent the top of the fleshy root from being exposed above the ground and forming a green shoulder. To achieve a high carrot yield, water and top-dress - times throughout the growing period. The first time is - days after final thinning, applying ammonium sulfate, phosphate and potassium fertilizer and per together with watering. The second time is at - true leaves, namely the early stage of fleshy root enlargement, which is also the period of greatest water demand; together with watering, top-dress ammonium sulfate and each of phosphate and potassium fertilizer per . , harvesting in stages at the right time Spring-sown carrots sown in late month are generally harvested from mid-to-late month to early month, or they can be harvested in good time according to market demand. When mature, the leaves stop growing, no new leaves appear, and the lower leaves turn yellow. If there is a -°C cold storage, storing them after harvest can supply the whole summer.