Comprehensive Control Methods and Techniques for Asparagus Pests and Diseases Explained in Detail
For pest and disease control, scientific control measures must be adopted, pollution-free control techniques vigorously promoted, and highly toxic and high-residue pesticides banned, so as to effectively control pest and disease damage while keeping pesticide residues in the product within limits. In control, adopt the measures of "prevention first, comprehensive control" and carry out early prevention in good time. (1) Agricultural...
For pest and disease control, scientific control measures must be adopted, pollution-free control techniques vigorously promoted, and highly toxic and high-residue pesticides banned, so as to effectively control pest and disease damage while keeping pesticide residues in the product within limits. In control, adopt the measures of "prevention first, comprehensive control" and carry out early prevention in good time.
(1) Agricultural control: Before asparagus harvest begins, remove the old mother stems on clear days before "Lichun" (Start of Spring) and "Liqiu" (Start of Autumn) respectively, and carry out a thorough garden cleaning to eliminate pest and disease sources lurking in dead branches, fallen leaves and soil. When cleaning the garden, cut off the old mother stems and the newly grown deformed, pest-damaged or disease-damaged tender stems, move them out of the field and burn them in a centralized manner; at the same time, spray herbicide to clear weeds in the field, and dig open the sand and soil around the asparagus crown, remove the residual stems completely, and after exposing them to the sun for 1-2 days, apply per 667 sq m 0.5 kg each of 70% thiophanate-methyl and 50% carbendazim, plus 1 kg of phoxim, mixed with 500-600 kg of water, and pour it over the crowns, then cover with 5-6 cm of guest sand to eliminate pest and disease sources; strengthen fertilizer and water management, apply more organic fertilizer, and pay attention to the rational combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements; if the asparagus garden soil is acidic, apply an appropriate amount of lime powder to adjust the soil pH; pay attention to drought prevention and drainage to promote robust plant growth and enhance disease resistance; do not harvest excessively, so as to avoid premature aging of the plants.
(2) Chemical control: For chemical control, the key control period must be grasped well. For diseases such as stem blight, control should be carried out at the early stage of onset, protecting the susceptible period from mother stem sprouting to maturity; for insect pests, control should be carried out from the peak hatching period of larvae to the young larval stage. After garden cleaning, begin spraying pesticides to control stem blight as soon as the young stems emerge, and continue spraying until the stems and leaves age. Pesticides should be rotated frequently, and a single pesticide should not be used for a long time, so as to avoid resistance developing and affecting efficacy.
1. Mother stem growth period: Appropriately select high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides such as Daconil M-45 wettable powder, or 65% Haoshengling wettable powder, or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500-600 times dilution, or 80% Xinwansheng wettable powder at 300 times dilution, or 65% amobam aqueous solution at 800-1000 times dilution to control stem blight and brown spot; to control insect pests, spray pesticides at the 1st-2nd instar larval stage, using 5% chlorfluazuron emulsifiable concentrate at 1000-1500 times dilution, or 90% trichlorfon crystal at 600-800 times dilution, or 10% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution plus a small amount of dimethoate, or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate at 600-800 times dilution mixed with trichlorfon, or Anda at 3000 times dilution to control Noctuidae pests; use 10% Dachengong at 1000 times dilution or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder at 1500-2000 times dilution to control aphids and thrips; for mites and red spider mites, spray with fenbutatin oxide emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution.
2. Harvest period: Biological control should be promoted. Biological agents such as 12% Dilikang at 1000 times dilution or 3% Kejunkang at 800-1000 times dilution can be used to control stem blight; use Caishuoxing at 600-800 times dilution, or Beauveria bassiana or Bacillus thuringiensis at 1000 times dilution, or Miman at 1500 times dilution to control moths such as the tobacco cutworm; use avermectin-type biological pesticides to control aphids and thrips.
For underground pests such as cutworms and adult Noctuidae moths, a sugar-vinegar solution (3 parts sugar, 3 parts vinegar, 1 part liquor, 10 parts water plus 0.1% trichlorfon) can be placed in the field in the evening to trap and kill the adults.