Key Technical Points for High-Efficiency Cultivation of Zucchini and Cauliflower in Greenhouses
For zucchini seedling raising, choose the 'Zaoqing Yidai' variety. Raise seedlings in nutrient pots inside a greenhouse, using 300 grams of seed per mu. Soak the seed and sprout it until the radicle emerges, then sow, 1 seed per pot, cover with 1.5 cm of loose nutrient soil after sowing, and cover with plastic film. Before emergence, raise the temperature as much as possible, maintaining 30-33°C during the day. After seedlings emerge evenly, lower the temperature appropriately, during the day...
Zucchini
Seedling raising: Choose the 'Zaoqing Yidai' variety. Raise seedlings in nutrient pots inside a greenhouse, using 300 grams of seed per mu. Soak the seed and sprout it until the radicle emerges, then sow, 1 seed per pot, cover with 1.5 cm of loose nutrient soil after sowing, and cover with plastic film. Before emergence, raise the temperature as much as possible, maintaining 30-33°C during the day. After seedlings emerge evenly, lower the temperature appropriately, to 25-28°C during the day and above 8°C at night; ensure ventilation during the day and add straw mats at night.
Planting: Transplant when the seedlings are about 40 days old. Apply 5000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, plow deeply and make beds, with a bed surface width of 100 cm and a furrow width of 30 cm. Plant 2 rows per bed, with both plant spacing and row spacing of 50 cm; after planting, set up small arch sheds and cover with straw mats. Keep the greenhouse closed before the plants establish; during the day, remove the straw mats on the small arch sheds to help raise the temperature and promote seedling recovery. After the seedlings recover, remove the film and straw mats from the small arch sheds during the day, maintaining 25-28°C during the day and 10-15°C at night. Natural pollination is difficult in greenhouse cultivation, so hand pollination is needed. After the fruit sets, apply a fruit-swelling fertilizer once, with 30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. Harvest the first fruit promptly, and thereafter apply fertilizer and water once after each harvest.
Pest and disease control: For aphids, use imidacloprid; for leafminers, use abamectin plus cypermethrin; for cabbage caterpillars, use Caixi and Yitaibao; for leaf diseases, use Dufulin and chlorothalonil. Cauliflower Seedling raising: Choose the Japanese 'Xueshan' variety. Raise seedlings under shade net coverage; 25 grams of seed and a 30 sq m seedbed are needed per mu of field. Choose a field with high terrain; apply 200 kg of decomposed farmyard manure, 200 grams of mancozeb, and 50 grams of phoxim per 30 sq m of seedbed, plow deeply, level and refine the soil, make sunken beds 120 cm wide, water thoroughly, and after the water infiltrates, broadcast sow, cover with 0.5 cm of soil, cover with plastic film, and finally insert arch frames and cover with a shade net. After emergence, remove the plastic film; cover with the shade net from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. on sunny days and remove it at other times; do not cover on cloudy days; add film cover on rainy days to prevent rain from washing away the soil. Planting: Transplant when the seedlings are about 35 days old. Apply more than 3000 kg of farmyard manure, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, and 30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, plow deeply, make high beds 80 cm wide, plant 2 rows per bed, with both plant spacing and row spacing of 40 cm, and water thoroughly when planting. During the entire growth period, keep the soil alternately moist and dry; after the seedlings recover, apply a seedling-promoting fertilizer once, with 10-15 kg of urea per mu. During the flowering and curd-forming stage, apply 25-30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu as a curd fertilizer together with watering. Pest and disease control: Summer pests are relatively serious, such as cabbage caterpillars and diamondback moths, which can be controlled with Caixi, Yitaibao, etc. Diseases mainly include black spot and root rot, which can be controlled with chlorothalonil, wanmeiling, etc.