How to Scientifically Fertilize and Apply Pesticides to Chinese Cabbage
Chinese cabbage can be direct-seeded or raised as seedlings and transplanted, but direct seeding is generally practiced. If seedling raising and transplanting are used, fertilizing the seedbed is very important for cultivating strong seedlings. The standard for seedbed fertilization is generally that the seedbed needed to plant one mu of field (about 35 sq m) is given 200-250 kg of fully decomposed barnyard manure or 1-1.5...
Chinese cabbage can be direct-seeded or raised as seedlings and transplanted, but direct seeding is generally practiced. If seedling raising and transplanting are used, fertilizing the seedbed is very important for cultivating strong seedlings. The standard for seedbed fertilization is generally that the seedbed needed to plant one mu of field (about 35 sq m) is given 200-250 kg of fully decomposed barnyard manure or 1-1.5 kg of ammonium sulfate and 0.5-1 kg of superphosphate or potassium sulfate; these fertilizers are thoroughly mixed with the seedbed soil and applied to a depth of 15 cm. I. Base fertilizer The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, including pig manure, barnyard manure, human excrement and urine, compost, pond mud, and so on. The application rate of base fertilizer is generally 5000 kg of barnyard manure per mu, or 4000 kg of barnyard manure plus 100 kg of cake fertilizer. For the application method, a combination of broadcasting and furrow application is better, that is, before plowing, evenly broadcast 3000 kg of barnyard manure on the soil surface, then shallow-plow so that the fertilizer and soil are evenly mixed, and then before leveling the land and making ridges, open furrows according to the predetermined row spacing, apply 2000 kg of barnyard manure or a mixture of 1000 kg of barnyard manure plus 100 kg of cake fertilizer into the furrows, and make ridges ready for planting. II. Topdressing Seedling-promoting fertilizer: when the seedlings grow one true leaf, apply 5-7 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu as topdressing (or other nitrogen fertilizer with an equivalent nitrogen content), applying it on both sides 8-10 cm from the seedling row, and combine with thinning the seedlings and watering lightly. The seedling-promoting fertilizer can also be used as seed fertilizer and applied in the sowing furrow before sowing. Vigorous-growth fertilizer: after Chinese cabbage is thinned to a stand and watered, open a shallow furrow 8-10 cm deep in the middle of the ridge 18-20 cm from the plant roots, apply 1200-1500 kg of decomposed, finely crushed organic fertilizer per mu into the furrow, then cover with soil and close the furrow. If organic fertilizer is insufficient, 500-1000 kg of human excrement and urine per mu can also be used, with 10-15 kg of ammonium phosphate, 8-10 kg of potassium sulfate, and 10-20 kg of superphosphate added. Head-forming stage: during the head-forming stage, topdressing can be done 3 times. At the early head-forming stage, apply a heavy dose of chemical fertilizer once, with 15-20 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu; after one week, carry out the second topdressing, with 10-12 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu or 1000-1500 kg of decomposed human excrement and urine; at the end of the middle head-forming stage, if the temperature is not lower than 12°C, apply topdressing once more, with 10 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu. If organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are applied alternately, the effect is even better.