Early planting and rational fertilization for cassava
At present, cassava cultivation and management are extensive, good and poor varieties are not distinguished, yields are low, and economic returns are poor. To achieve high yields in cassava cultivation, the following integrated techniques must be adopted: 1. Select improved varieties. Selecting improved cassava varieties and increasing the coverage rate of improved varieties is the key technique for raising cassava per-unit yield and increasing total production. The yield increase of improved varieties...
Early fertilization can allow cassava seedlings to supplement nutrients in time, promote rapid growth of cassava seedlings, help increase fresh root yield, and at the same time help cover the soil surface early during the cassava seedling stage, playing a good role in soil and water conservation. It is generally recommended to apply all the fertilizer at once 1 month after planting cassava, when the seedlings are about 20 cm tall, combined with intertillage, weeding, and fertilization, at a distance of 20 cm from the cassava stems, following the principles of near application, hole application, and shallow application, so as to facilitate early uptake of fertilizer by cassava. In addition, if fertilizer deficiency is found in the middle and late stages of cassava growth, supplemental application may be made.Fertilization should be recommended after diagnosis based on soil fertility and the nutritional requirements of cassava, and the amount of fertilizer applied should also be determined by whether the land is fertile or poor. For example, when planting cassava on fertile soil newly reclaimed from wasteland, it is recommended that no fertilizer be applied during the first 2 years of continuous cassava cropping. On poor land or after 2 years of continuous cassava cropping, the optimal balanced fertilization ratio can generally follow the fertilizer formula N:P2O5:K2O = 2:1:2. After 5 years of continuous cropping, the optimal balanced fertilization ratio is N:P2O5:K2O = 3~4:1:3~4. When fertilizing, the formula ratio should be appropriately adjusted according to local conditions and after considering different factors such as variety.
Generally recommended fertilization rates: 1 tonne of organic fertilizer per mu, 7~15 kg urea, 7~20 kg superphosphate, 7~17 kg potassium chloride. This can basically maintain stable yields year after year and keep fresh root yield at about 3 tonnes per mu. After deducting fertilizer costs, net income can be increased by 200~400 yuan per mu.