Key Management Techniques for High-Quality and High-Yield Ginger
1. Site selection: Choose sandy soil with deep, loose, fertile soil and convenient irrigation and drainage for planting; avoid continuous cropping. 2. Land preparation and basal fertilizer application: Before sowing, apply 1000-1500 kg of farmyard manure, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as basal fertilizer, then plow and harrow thoroughly. Divide into beds and open furrows, each bed 1...
I. Site Selection
Choose sandy soil with deep, loose, fertile soil and convenient irrigation and drainage for planting; avoid continuous cropping.
II. Land Preparation and Basal Fertilizer Application
Before sowing, apply 1000-1500 kg of farmyard manure, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as basal fertilizer, then plow and harrow thoroughly. Divide into beds and open furrows, each bed 1 m wide and 20 cm high, and open sowing furrows horizontally across the bed surface.
III. Seed Ginger Treatment and Sowing
Before sowing, first place the ginger seed in sunlight for 2 days, then soak in 2% formalin for disinfection for 6-8 hours (note: rinse clean with water after disinfection), or soak in agricultural streptomycin for disinfection for 6-7 hours. The suitable sowing period is from early March to mid-April. The sowing spacing is generally 0.25 m × 0.4 m between plants and rows, with 3500-4000 ginger pieces sown per mu.
IV. Field Management
1. Timely topdressing. During the seedling stage, topdressing should be light and diluted; afterward, apply heavy topdressing twice. The first is from early June to early July, when the daughter ginger is in vigorous growth and ginger has its peak fertilizer absorption, apply 20 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea per mu; the second is from early September to early October, when ginger tubers are rapidly expanding, apply 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium chloride per mu.
2. Appropriate shading and mulching. Summer temperatures are high and sunlight is strong, which is extremely unfavorable for ginger over summering, so shading and mulching are very necessary. Corn (2349, 8.00, 0.34%) and soybean (4487, 14.00, 0.31%) and other crops can be intercropped at the bed edges or a shed can be built for shade. At the same time, spread rice straw between ginger rows to reduce ground radiation and increase soil moisture.
3. Water management. The soil must remain moist throughout the entire growth period of ginger. During drought, irrigate with "running horse water," and when water accumulates in the bed furrows, drain it promptly.
V. Pest and Disease Control
(1) Control of ginger blast: Before sowing, select disease-free seed ginger and disinfect the seed ginger well. In the early stage of the disease, spray agricultural streptomycin, Yeqingshuang, or Bordeaux mixture once every 15 days for a total of 3-4 sprays. Severely diseased plants should be dug out and burned promptly, and lime should be scattered in the ginger holes for disinfection.
(2) Control of anthracnose: In the early stage of occurrence, use thiophanate-methyl + carbendazim for control.
(3) Control of striped stem borer: During the occurrence period, use trichlorfon + Shachongwei for control.