Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Drought-Resistant Cultivation Techniques of Spring-Sown Corn
In recent years, as the area of spring-sown corn has increased, corn dwarf mosaic virus disease has also shown a worsening trend and has become a major disease of spring-sown corn. 1. Symptom identification: Corn dwarf mosaic virus disease can infect corn throughout the entire growth period, with damage being most severe at the seedling stage. Symptoms can appear as early as the three-leaf stage of corn, initially on...
This year, winter drought and spring drought are severe. Since the beginning of spring, rainfall in most areas of our province has been relatively low, bringing adverse effects on spring-sown corn production. In view of the current situation, drought-resistant cultivation techniques for spring-sown corn are now proposed for production reference.1. Select drought-tolerant and high-yield varieties.
Selecting varieties with good drought resistance and high-yield performance according to local conditions is one of the effective measures to increase corn yields on dryland.?
2. Sow after suitable rain.
After rainfall, soil moisture content will increase. We should seize the opportunity and sow after rainfall to achieve the goals of drought resistance, disaster reduction, and increased yield.?
3. Application of the half-amount mulching, rainwater harvesting, water-saving, and fertility-building technique.
This technique involves covering plastic film between corn plants, or after covering the film, transplanting (sowing) corn on both sides of the plastic film, to achieve the goals of water saving and high yield. Compared with seedling cultivation in the open field and traditional direct sowing in the open field, this technique saves 16.2% and 12.9% of water respectively. The specific methods are as follows:
(1) Apply base fertilizer and base water in furrows.
Before sowing or transplanting corn, dig a furrow 20 cm deep in the exact center of the corn planting strip (build water-retaining ridges at both ends of the furrow), and apply 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 10.5 kg of urea, and 1000 kg of raw manure mixed with 500 kg of water per mu as base fertilizer and base water, all applied into the furrow.
(2) Small ridges with double rows.
After combining the furrows and applying base fertilizer and base water, cover with soil, and build a ridge 0.6 chi higher than the ground surface, with a ridge base width of 1.2-1.5 chi, and a tile-shaped ridge surface.
(3) Cover with film after rain.
In spring, after continuous rainfall totaling 20 mm over 3-5 days or after thorough rain, immediately cover the ridge with ultra-thin film 1.2-1.5 chi wide, and press the edges firmly with soil to retain precipitation.
(4) Transplant seedlings at the edge of the film.
Transplant corn seedlings at the edge of the film-covered area, planting 2 rows per ridge. The planting specifications are a narrow row spacing of 1.5-2.0 chi, a plant spacing of 1.0-1.2 chi, and about 3600 plants per mu.