Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Spring Planting of Sweet Corn
Everyone likes to eat fresh sweet corn. It has a large market capacity, high yield, and good economic returns. From sowing to fresh ear harvest is about 90 days, and it does not affect the planting of hybrid rice. It is a good grain-and-cash cropping model with a yield of a thousand jin of grain and a thousand yuan per mu. Summarizing recent cultivation practice, to grow spring sweet corn well, the following points should be grasped: 1....
Everyone likes to eat fresh sweet corn. It has a large market capacity, high yield, and good economic returns. From sowing to fresh ear harvest is about 90 days, and it does not affect the planting of hybrid rice. It is a good grain-and-cash cropping model with a yield of a thousand jin of grain and a thousand yuan per mu. Summarizing recent cultivation practice, to grow spring sweet corn well, the following points should be grasped:
1. Use good seed
At present, the sweet corn varieties promoted and planted in Henan mainly include Chaotian No. 3 and Chaotian 204, and new varieties such as Dongtian 206 can also be trial-planted and demonstrated. These varieties have high yield, a medium growth period, a fresh grain sugar content of more than 16%, and good taste when eaten fresh.
2. Sow at the right time and cultivate strong seedlings
Generally, sowing starts around March 15-20, and nylon film-supported covering must be used for seedling raising. Choose a sandy loam plot with loose soil, good fertility, and sufficient sunlight as the seedbed. After fine land preparation, apply a round of thin human manure fertilizer, arrange the corn seeds at a seed spacing of 3-5 cm, press lightly, then cover the seeds with fine soil at a thickness of about 1 cm, and then build supports and cover with film for heat preservation. The seedling age is about 20 days, and the leaf age is from 2 leaves and 1 heart to 3 leaves and 1 heart. Prevent over-age transplanting, which reduces yield.
3. Improve land preparation and transplanting quality to ensure full and uniform seedlings
Before plowing, broadcast 25-30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 25 kg of calcium superphosphate per mu as base fertilizer. After plowing, prepare the land and make beds, with a bed width of 1.2 m (including ditches) and two rows planted. For fields with relatively heavy soil clay content, fertilizer can be applied all at once: open a furrow in the center of the bed and apply 75 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate, and 15 kg of potassium chloride per mu, cover with soil, then uniformly spray 100 mL of 80% acetochlor diluted in water per mu on the bed surface to control weeds, and then cover with plastic film to wait for transplanting. However, for leaky fields with relatively sandy soil, fertilizer should not be applied all at once; fertilization should follow the principle of applying seedling fertilizer appropriately and applying ear fertilizer heavily. Plant the corn seedlings, then water with 1000-fold dilution of 50% phoxim or 40% chlorpyrifos to control underground pests, then cover a little soil to ensure survival. The transplanting density is 3300-3500 plants, with a plant spacing of about 33 cm. After transplanting and survival (about 7-10 days after planting), seedling fertilizer should be applied in time, generally 10 loads of thin human manure or 10 kg of ammonium sulfate per mu.
4. Strengthen management
Sweet corn varieties have a multi-ear phenomenon, which should be removed in time, leaving one strong ear per plant. During the trumpet stage, use 600-fold BT emulsion (Bacillus thuringiensis), 500-fold 18% dimehypo, or 1000-fold 90% crystal trichlorfon solution to pour into the whorl to control corn borers. The use of highly toxic and high-residue pesticides is strictly prohibited. Stop using any pesticides 15 days before harvest.
5. Sweet corn should be planted in isolation from common corn
A spacing of more than 300 m is required to prevent cross-pollination from affecting the quality of sweet corn. Fresh-eating sweet corn can be sown in batches to continuously supply the market and avoid losses caused by too large a quantity ripening all at once.