Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Spring Corn Sowing
To improve the sowing quality of spring corn in the Hetao Irrigation District, it is essential to actively carry out work such as seed selection, fine land preparation, and timely sowing, which is crucial for ensuring full stands and securing a bumper harvest of spring corn. 1. Select suitable and appropriate superior varieties: Based on heat resources and actual production conditions, the irrigation district should select medium-to-late maturing varieties with a growth period of 120-130 days...
To improve the sowing quality of spring corn in the Hetao Irrigation District, it is essential to actively carry out work such as seed selection, fine land preparation, and timely sowing, which is crucial for ensuring full stands and securing a bumper harvest of spring corn.
1. Select suitable and appropriate superior varieties: Based on heat resources and actual production conditions, the irrigation district should select medium-to-late maturing varieties with a growth period of 120-130 days. According to surveys of varieties planted in Bayannur City in recent years, the corn varieties with relatively outstanding comprehensive traits mainly include Badan 3, Kehe 8, Neidan 314, Badan 25, etc.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: Because spring corn has a relatively long growth period, the principle of applying more base fertilizer should be followed. Organic fertilizer used as base fertilizer should also be applied early, incorporated in one application combined with land preparation, generally applying 2000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers can be applied as seed fertilizer in one application at sowing, generally applying 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10 kg of potassium sulfate per mu.
3. Improve sowing quality
1. Fine land preparation: Spring corn requires deep plowing, and autumn plowing should be done as early as possible. After the previous crop is harvested, timely stubble cleaning and plowing are beneficial for soil maturation, water storage and moisture conservation, and the elimination of diseases, insects, and weeds. In early spring, harrowing and leveling should be carried out to conserve moisture. In areas with severe spring drought, continuous operations of pressing, harrowing, and leveling should be adopted to make the soil compact, which is more conducive to drawing up and conserving moisture. In areas with good soil moisture, direct sowing can be carried out; in areas with insufficient moisture, supplemental moisture sowing should be adopted.
2. Select seeds carefully: When purchasing seeds, it is best to go to authorized units to select high-quality, high-yield brand corn seeds that have been approved and tested locally, such as Badan 3, Kehe 8, Neidan 314, Badan 25, etc.
4. Sow at the appropriate time: Sowing corn too early easily causes low-temperature seed rot and uneven emergence, while sowing too late leads to grains failing to mature normally in the later stage. When the soil temperature at a depth of 5-10 cm in the surface layer is 10°C-12°C, sowing can be carried out. The suitable sowing period is generally from late April to early May.
5. Reasonable close planting: Increasing planting density is an important factor in achieving high corn yields. For plots with relatively high soil fertility, the planting density is generally above 4000 plants; for plots with relatively low soil fertility, 3500-4000 plants per mu is appropriate, with a sowing rate of 2-2.5 kg per mu. The planting method adopts wide-narrow row planting, and the sowing depth is preferably 4-6 cm.
6. Chemical weed control technology: Chemical weed control saves time and labor and is also very effective, but it is essential to choose safe and reliable herbicides specifically for corn fields and master their correct use methods. There are generally 2 methods. One is to use chemical herbicides for soil sealing treatment after sowing and before emergence. The other is that for plots where the soil sealing treatment effect is poor, at the 3-5 leaf stage of corn and the 2-4 leaf stage of weeds, a corn-specific herbicide can be sprayed to kill weeds. When spraying chemical herbicides, attention should be paid to choosing windless days with relative humidity above 65%, and applying the pesticide in the morning or evening, and the spray nozzle should be lowered as much as possible to ensure accurate dosage, sufficient water, and uniform spraying, avoiding repeated spraying or missed spraying.