Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Off-Season Summer Radish Cultivation
How to cultivate pollution-free radish? Please refer to the following planting techniques for cultivating pollution-free radish: Site selection and sowing. For pollution-free radish, the key points in site selection are that it must not be around heavily polluted industrial factory areas, and the source of irrigation water must not be polluted. In addition, radish has a wide adaptability to soil...
How to cultivate summer radish off-season? Please advise.Radish is a vegetable that the broad masses of people very much like to eat. In the past, radish was only cultivated in autumn, which could not meet the people's year-round demand for radish. In recent years, based on exploration of off-season radish cultivation and combined with the successful experience of many vegetable farmers, the off-season cultivation techniques for summer radish are introduced as follows.
I. Selection of varieties
For off-season cultivation, summer radish should choose high-quality varieties with strong heat tolerance and strong disease resistance. Such as Xialiangbai No. 2, Dongfang Huimei, Xianong Zaosheng No. 3, Xiakang 40 days, and other varieties.
II. Soil selection and fertilization
For land planted with radish, it is advisable to choose sandy loam soil rich in humus, with a deep soil layer, and good drainage. The previous crop is best a stubble that was heavily fertilized, consumed little fertilizer, and left a large amount of fertilizer in the soil, such as early cowpea, cucumber land, etc. Deeply plow and prepare the land, plow and harrow multiple times, and sun-bleach it thoroughly. Before sowing, combined with deep plowing, broadcast 3000 kg of fully decomposed organic fertilizer, 100 kg of plant ash, and 25-30 kg of superphosphate per mu, and plow them into the soil after drying, or apply 2000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and more than 20 kg of compound fertilizer, applying sufficient base fertilizer at one time, and then topdressing later according to seedling condition.
III. Timely sowing
The suitable sowing period for summer radish in the Huang-Huai-Hai region is generally in early to mid-April. If sown too early, diseases will be severe when the radish expands. Cultivate on ridges, with a ridge spacing of 80 cm and a height of 15-20 cm, two rows per ridge, with a plant-row spacing of 20 cm x (20-25) cm, and more than 26,000 plants per mu. Generally 2 seeds per hole, and thin the seedlings in time at the 5-7 leaf stage. When sowing, be sure to use medicated soil (such as trichlorfon, phoxim, etc.) for seed dressing or chemical seed dressing to prevent underground pests. At the same time, apply 1.5 kg of 40% quintozene per mu in holes to control fungal diseases. After sowing, in addition to covering with soil, mulching should also be carried out to maintain moisture, ensure rapid and uniform emergence, and also prevent rainwater from compacting the soil and hindering emergence. The mulch can be wheat straw, ash fertilizer, etc. After sowing, the soil cover thickness should be about 2 cm, and should not exceed 3 cm. At the same time, cover with a shade net to keep the field moist but not waterlogged.
IV. Field management
After sowing, promptly check for missing plants and replant. If black rot and soft rot are found in the middle and late stages, spray with 10 million units of agricultural streptomycin in the early stage, or spray with DTM fungicide at 400-500 times dilution. In addition, attention should also be paid to preventing aphids. If mosaic virus disease is found, use Virus K or Zhibingling for control.
Summer is hot with strong sunlight, and the field is generally drier, so special attention should be paid to reasonable watering. During the germination stage, water thoroughly when sowing, and the soil moisture content should be above 80% to ensure rapid and uniform emergence; during the seedling stage, the soil moisture content should be 60%, and the principle of watering less but frequently should be followed; during the peak leaf growth stage (from breaking white to showing shoulders), irrigate appropriately, but do not water too much; during the peak root growth stage, special attention should be paid to sufficient and uniform water supply, with soil humidity at 70%-80% and air humidity at 80%-90%. If the water supply is uneven, cracking is likely to occur. For summer radish, avoid watering at noon; it is best to water in the evening. In principle, topdressing should be focused before the radish expansion stage. For nitrogen topdressing, manure and chemical fertilizer can be used. Be sure to avoid excessive concentration or being too close to the roots, so as to prevent root burn; if human feces and urine are too concentrated, it will harden the roots. Generally, it should be diluted with water when watering. If human feces and urine and nitrogen chemical fertilizers are applied too late, or if undecomposed and unrotted human feces and urine are applied, the fleshy root will develop black rings, the quality will deteriorate, or it will crack, or develop a bitter taste.
V. Harvest
When the growth period reaches about 50 days, it can be marketed in batches.
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