What should be noted when planting sunflowers?
What should be noted when planting sunflowers? There are ten points to note when planting sunflowers: 1. Reasonable crop rotation, choose a good previous crop. Sunflowers are not suitable for continuous cropping, nor for planting in low-lying, waterlogged plots. The choice of previous crop is not strict; apart from sugar beet and deep-rooted forage grass, any other crop can serve as the previous crop for sunflowers. Sunflowers are...
What should be noted when planting sunflowers?
There are ten points to note when planting sunflowers:
1. Reasonable crop rotation, choose a good previous crop. Sunflowers are not suitable for continuous cropping, nor for planting in low-lying, waterlogged plots. The choice of previous crop is not strict; apart from sugar beet and deep-rooted forage grass, any other crop can serve as the previous crop for sunflowers. Sunflowers have strong adaptability, and are best planted in sandy loam or loamy soil with deep soil layers, high humus content and a pH value of 6-8.
2. Select excellent seeds and treat them.
3. Apply sufficient base fertilizer to consolidate the foundation.
4. Seize the early start and sow early in good time. Sowing early in good time can prevent or reduce the occurrence of leaf spot and sclerotinia, and has a great impact on the yield and quality of sunflowers.
5. Reasonable dense planting, favorable for ventilation. Sunflowers have tall stalks and thick stems, so reasonable dense planting is necessary, which is conducive to ventilation and light penetration and improves photosynthesis. The principle is that tall-stalked, large-seeded varieties should be planted sparsely; short-stalked and small-seeded varieties should be planted densely; for oil-type varieties, keep 25000-30000 plants per hectare, and for confectionery-type varieties, 18000-20000 plants is appropriate.
6. Strengthen intertillage and apply topdressing in good time. Thin the seedlings early and set the seedlings early; when the seedlings grow to two pairs of true leaves, set the seedlings; from emergence to the bud stage, carry out 2-3 intertillage and weeding operations; the last one should be deep ploughing and earthing up to prevent lodging, but note that the roots must not be damaged. Topdressing must be both timely and reasonable; from the bud stage to the flowering stage of sunflowers, apply 150 kg of urea per hectare, by furrow application or hole application, and spray 0.2%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate at the full flowering stage, depending on the growth condition, applying once or twice.
7. According to the growth condition, remove side shoots in good time. From the bud stage to the flowering stage, sunflowers often develop branches; once found, remove them immediately to reduce the consumption of water and nutrients and ensure the needs of the main stem flower disc for nutrients and water.
8. Adapt to local conditions and irrigate scientifically. During the flower disc formation stage, flowering stage and grain filling stage of sunflowers, scientific irrigation should be carried out in good time and in appropriate amounts; especially in case of drought, irrigate promptly to meet the sunflower's water needs during its growth and development stages.
9. Forecasting and prediction, prevent disease and eliminate insects. Do a good job of forecasting and predicting diseases and insect pests; once they occur, control them immediately, and strive to control them early, while they are small, and completely.
10. Supplementary pollination to improve seed setting. Sunflowers are cross-pollinated crops and rely on insects and bees for pollination and seed setting; nevertheless, artificial supplementary pollination should still be carried out. The pollination time should preferably be chosen at around 10 a.m. each day (9 a.m. to 11 a.m.), and generally pollination can be carried out 2-3 times.
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