What are the methods for controlling underground pests in sunflowers?
How should underground pests be controlled when growing sunflowers? The main underground pests of sunflowers include mole crickets, white grubs, cutworms, wireworms, and other soil-dwelling pests. The control measures are as follows. (1) Agricultural control. ① Before sunflower emergence or during the peak outbreak period of 1st to 2nd instar cutworm larvae, promptly remove weeds from the field, bury them deep or haul them out of the field for composting, to eliminate egg-laying hosts.
How should underground pests be controlled when growing sunflowers?
The main underground pests of sunflowers include mole crickets, white grubs, cutworms, wireworms, and other soil-dwelling pests. The control measures are as follows.
(1) Agricultural control. ① Before sunflower emergence or during the peak outbreak period of 1st to 2nd instar cutworm larvae, promptly remove weeds from the field, bury them deep or haul them out of the field for composting, to eliminate egg-laying hosts. ② Flooding to kill pests. In areas where conditions permit, timely irrigation after cutworms appear can achieve a certain effect.
(2) Physical control. The adults of scarab beetles and cutworms have a strong tendency toward black light traps, so black light traps can be used to trap and kill them during the peak adult period.
(3) Chemical control. ① Seed treatment: dress seeds with 20% carbosulfan emulsifiable concentrate at 1,000-1,500 times dilution, or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate at 1,000-1,500 times dilution. ② Broadcasting and burying medicated soil: use 50 kg of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate per mu, mix with 30 kg of fine sand or fine soil, open shallow furrows beside sunflower roots and bury the medicated soil, then cover with soil immediately. Alternatively, apply the medicated soil together with hoeing, which can control various underground pests. ③ Poison bait trapping: mix 0.5 kg of 90% trichlorfon into 50 kg of roasted fragrant wheat bran as poison bait, and evenly scatter it on the seedbed in the evening; or prepare a sweet-and-sour liquid bait with white liquor, brown sugar, vinegar, water, and 90% trichlorfon crystals in a 1:3:6:9:1 ratio, placing 1 dish per 200 sq m of land. ④ Poison weed bait: chop fresh grass or vegetables, mix 0.1 kg of 50% phoxim with 2-2.5 kg of water, spray it onto 100 kg of grass, and place it in small piles in the field in the evening to trap and kill cutworms. ⑤ Spray 90% trichlorfon or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate at 1,000-1,500 times dilution for control.
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