Rice Pest and Disease Control Methods and Key Technical Points
How to control rice pests and diseases? What techniques can be borrowed for rice pest and disease control methods: 1. Rice black sclerotial stem rot. A fungal disease of the stem base of rice at the adult plant stage, also called rice stem rot or small sclerotial disease. The pathogens are Sclerotium hydrophilum and Sclerotium oryzae of the Deuteromycotina. Sexual state...
How to control rice pests and diseases? When to start?Rice planthopper, rice leaf roller, and panicle neck blast occur severely, while the second generation of striped stem borer, sheath blight, and rice false smut occur moderately to severely. Control work should adhere to the strategy of "suppress the early and control the late, treat early and treat small, that is, early prevention and integrated control." Focus on four key battles:
The first: early to mid-July, the main targets are the second generation of rice planthopper and the second generation of rice leaf roller. When rice planthopper reaches 100 insects per 100 hills, apply pesticides such as buprofezin, thiamethoxam, and pymetrozine; for fields where the insect population exceeds 1200 per 100 hills, immediately apply fast-acting pesticides such as chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb; for rice leaf roller, 5-7 days after the adult moth peak appears in the field (or when the number of moths per mu exceeds 60), use the recommended pesticides for control.
The second: late July to early August, the main targets are the third generation of rice planthopper, the third generation of rice leaf roller, and the second generation of striped stem borer, with concurrent control of sheath blight. Before July 25, all rice fields in the county should be uniformly treated once with fipronil and buprofezin-type pesticides. For fields where the second generation of striped stem borer, rice planthopper, or rice leaf roller still exceeds the threshold after application, use fast-acting pesticides for emergency control. Along with insect control, fields with severe sheath blight should add validamycin during application for control.
The third: rice booting stage (early to mid-August), the main targets are panicle neck blast and rice false smut, and emergency control of rice planthopper and rice leaf roller should be carried out. At the rice booting stage (a simple way to judge is when one panicle in each hill shows its head), uniformly apply tricyclazole + validamycin + triadimefon once, or apply mefenacet or Aimiao emulsifiable concentrate, to prevent panicle neck blast and rice false smut. If there is more rain, apply Fuji No. 1 or Fuji No. 5 + triadimefon once more at the full heading and flowering stages. Panicle neck blast occurs very severely in our county year after year and causes enormous damage; spraying at the booting stage for prevention is a key measure for controlling panicle neck blast and must be taken very seriously. For fields where rice planthopper or rice leaf roller exceeds the threshold, use fast-acting pesticides for emergency control.
The fourth: late August to early September, the main target is the fourth generation of rice planthopper, and emergency control should be carried out in fields with high rice leaf roller populations. For fields where rice planthopper exceeds 5000 insects per 100 hills, drain the field water, mix 400 ml of 80% dichlorvos with 30 kg of fine soil and broadcast it, reflood after one day, and then carry out spray control as the situation requires.
The sale and use of five highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides, including methamidophos, parathion, methyl parathion, monocrotophos, and phosphamidon, are fully prohibited; the use of imidacloprid and its compound formulations is fully stopped in rice fields, pyrethroid pesticides and their compound formulations are prohibited, acetamiprid and its compound formulations are not suitable for use, and triazophos and its compound formulations are not advocated. The following pesticides are recommended for control.
Control of rice planthopper: Long-lasting pesticides: buprofezin (Chuanshanling, Pufulling, Youlede, Saiwang), effective period 25-30 days; thiamethoxam (Actara), effective period 25-30 days; pymetrozine (Feidian), effective period 40-45 days. The above long-lasting pesticides take effect relatively slowly and are highly lethal to young nymphs and eggs, so they should be applied during the egg hatching period and young nymph stage of rice planthopper. Fast-acting pesticides: chlorpyrifos (Tongyishun, Lesiben, Xinnongbao), isoprocarb (Yechansan), dichlorvos, mainly used in fields with severe rice planthopper occurrence and are the main pesticides for emergency control. Concurrent-control pesticides: fipronil (Regent) is mainly used on rice to control the second generation of striped stem borer and has good concurrent control of rice planthopper, with a relatively long effective period.
Control of rice leaf roller: profenofos (Sumiegan, Kulong), chlorpyrifos (Tongyishun, Lesiben, Xinnongbao), abamectin (Lanrui), fipronil-chlorpyrifos (Qiji), chlorantraniliprole (Coragen), emamectin benzoate, etc., should be used from the egg hatching peak to the second-instar larval stage. To control older larvae, the above pesticides can be mixed and applied to enhance the insecticidal effect.
For rice blast (including panicle neck blast), pesticides such as tricyclazole, Fuji No. 1, and Fuji No. 5 are recommended. For rice false smut, validamycin + triadimefon, mefenacet, and Aimiao emulsifiable concentrate are recommended. Mefenacet and Aimiao emulsifiable concentrate also have good control efficacy against panicle neck blast.
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