How to Apply Base Fertilizer to Rapeseed Reasonably? Key Points Explained
How to Prevent Rapeseed from Blooming Early? Here is an introduction to the methods that can be used to prevent rapeseed from blooming too early: First, intertillage and loosening the soil: intertillage and loosening the soil can cut off part of the root system, which has a certain inhibitory effect on rapeseed growth, thereby delaying the growth and development process of rapeseed. Loosening the soil can also cut off soil capillaries, reducing water evaporation,...
How to Apply Base Fertilizer to Rapeseed Reasonably? An IntroductionFertilizer requirement pattern of rapeseed: producing 100 kg of rapeseed requires 8.8~11.3 kg of nitrogen, 1.3~1.7 kg of phosphorus, and 7.1~10.5 kg of potassium. At a certain production level, to produce the same weight of product, the demand of rapeseed for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is 3~5 times that of rice, wheat, and corn (2349, 8.00, 0.34%). The demand of rapeseed for available boron in the soil is about 5 times higher than that of other crops, so special attention should be paid to applying boron fertilizer in production.
Base fertilizer: The base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer and sparingly soluble mineral phosphate fertilizer, with a small amount of nitrogen chemical fertilizer applied in combination. Organic fertilizer is mainly livestock manure, farmyard manure, pond mud, cake fertilizer, etc. The amount used depends on the quality of the fertilizer. Generally, 3000~5000 kg per mu is applied, along with 5~7.5 kg of nitrogen chemical fertilizer (11~16 kg of urea or 25~27 kg of ammonium sulfate), 20~30 kg of superphosphate, and 5~10 kg of potassium chloride. In sulfur-deficient soil, applying 20~30 kg of superphosphate or 2 kg of sulfur powder per mu as base fertilizer can prevent sulfur deficiency in rapeseed. In severely boron-deficient soil, 0.5 kg of borax should also be added as base fertilizer (if the soil is severely zinc-deficient, 1~2 kg of zinc sulfate can also be added as base fertilizer).
Seed fertilizer: The seed fertilizer should be mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. In production, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, farmyard manure, residue fertilizer, plant ash, etc. are commonly used, and livestock manure water, human excrement and urine, etc. are also used as seed fertilizer. When superphosphate is used alone as seed fertilizer, it should be mixed with fine soil and then mixed with seeds. When machine sowing, it should be made into granular fertilizer, or nitrogen-phosphorus, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium, phosphorus-potassium compound granular fertilizer. If boron fertilizer has not been applied as base fertilizer in severely boron-deficient soil, 0.5 kg of borax or boric acid per mu can be added as seed fertilizer.
Fertilization of the seedbed for transplanted rapeseed: Apply sufficient base fertilizer. Generally, poor soil, paddy soil, clay, and sandy soil have poor structure, so more fertilizer should be applied appropriately. For each mu of seedbed, 2000~3000 kg of human and livestock manure is often used as surface fertilizer, applied to the topsoil in combination with land preparation. In some high-yield rapeseed areas, before sowing, 25~30 kg of superphosphate and 5~6 kg of potassium chloride per mu are broadcast on the soil surface and mixed with the topsoil. After broadcasting the seeds, 1500~2000 kg of high-quality cow manure with residue per mu is diluted with water and splashed on, so that the seedbed is fully moistened. If the soil is fertile and rich in organic matter, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced appropriately.
Topdressing at the seedling stage. When the seedlings are uniform, topdressing can be carried out in combination with thinning. According to the growth of the seedlings, generally 500~600 kg of decomposed human and livestock manure water is used per mu each time, and the amount of water added depends on the soil moisture. If the seedlings are poor, 5~6 kg of ammonium sulfate or 6~7 kg of ammonium bicarbonate can be added per mu during the two topdressings. No topdressing after the five-leaf stage. About 7 days before transplanting and pulling the seedlings, apply another "starting fertilizer" or "wedding fertilizer." In addition to human and livestock manure water, add 8~10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per mu to promote the seedlings to develop more new roots. In drought, irrigate once every 2~3 days, which can increase drought resistance.
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