Detailed Explanation of Key Cultivation Techniques for Buckwheat, a Minor Grain Crop
Buckwheat, also known as black wheat, flower wheat or triangular wheat, has strong adaptability and a very short growing period, generally only 70-80 days; it has high nutritional value and contains a variety of amino acids and vitamins, and has special preventive and health-care effects on many diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes and cancer. Cultivation points: land preparation. Buckwheat...
Buckwheat, also known as black wheat, flower wheat or triangular wheat, has strong adaptability and a very short growing period, generally only 70-80 days; it has high nutritional value and contains a variety of amino acids and vitamins, and has special preventive and health-care effects on many diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes and cancer.
Cultivation points: land preparation. Buckwheat does not have strict requirements for soil conditions; it can be planted in sandy loam, light loam, acidic soil, slightly alkaline soil and newly reclaimed land. Before sowing, deep plowing and fine harrowing are required to make the soil loose. Fertilization. Buckwheat is a crop with relatively high fertilizer requirements. For every 100 kg of buckwheat produced, it needs to absorb 3.3 kg of nitrogen, 1.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 4.3 kg of potassium oxide. In addition, according to research, the buckwheat root system has a very strong ability to absorb phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and especially has a special ability to utilize phosphorus fertilizer that is not easily dissolved. Applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can significantly increase buckwheat yield; nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied too much, otherwise it is prone to lodging. The base fertilizer should mainly be farmyard manure, phosphate fertilizer and plant ash, with appropriate topdressing during the growing period. Sowing. Before sowing, select large and plump seeds and sun-dry the seeds to promote after-ripening and improve germination vigor and germination rate. The sowing rate is 2-4 kg per mu, and the sowing period can continue to mid-to-late July. Sowing methods include broadcasting, dibbling and drilling, with drilling being preferable. Management. After sowing, press the soil according to soil moisture conditions; after emergence, hoe the soil to eliminate weeds and prevent water evaporation; before flowering, combine hilling and topdressing to carry out the second intertillage. Harvest. The flowering period of buckwheat is very long, the seeds mature extremely unevenly, and the grains are easy to shatter, so timely harvest is very important; generally, when two-thirds of the fruits on most plants turn brown, it is the suitable harvest period. The harvest time is best chosen in the morning when the dew has not yet dried, and care should be taken to cut and place gently to reduce shattering losses. Before harvest
If frost damage or windy weather occurs, harvesting should be carried out promptly.
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