Rice Pest and Disease Control: How to Control Rice False Smut?
How to control rice false smut? What harm does rice false smut cause? Please provide an introduction. Harm caused by rice false smut: Rice false smut only occurs on the panicle, generally from the flowering stage to the milk-ripening stage of rice. In infected grains, the pathogen grows inside the glumes, forming a false smut ball about 1 cm in diameter that replaces the grain. ...
How to control rice false smut? What harm does rice false smut cause? Please provide an introduction.Harm caused by rice false smut:
Rice false smut only occurs on the panicle, generally from the flowering stage to the milk-ripening stage of rice. In infected grains, the pathogen grows inside the glumes, forming a false smut ball about 1 cm in diameter that replaces the grain.
The optimum temperature for the germination and development of the rice false smut pathogen is 25-30°C; the pathogen cannot grow above 34°C or below 12°C. The rice false smut pathogen can infect rice flowers and young glumes. The main infection period is the mid-booting stage of rice; after the boot splits and flowering occurs, infection rarely occurs.
From the late booting stage to the heading stage of rice, if conditions of high humidity, suitable temperature and small day-night temperature difference are encountered, the disease is extremely likely to occur and spread, making it a typical climate-driven disease. At the same time, resistance to the disease differs noticeably among varieties. The occurrence of the disease is positively correlated with unreasonable nitrogen fertilizer application: fields with excessive nitrogen fertilizer and tender green growth in the middle and late stages of rice, as well as low-lying fields with high humidity, suffer more severe disease.
Control methods for rice false smut:
1. Agricultural control methods: Select relatively disease-resistant varieties, plant appropriately sparsely, and when using seedling-throwing cultivation be sure to throw sparsely to cultivate strong, effective panicles; fertilize rationally, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, apply topdressing early to promote early growth, control the amount of panicle fertilizer, change the traditional fertilization method to a balanced promotion method so that the rice plants naturally turn yellow in the later stage, enhancing the disease resistance of the rice plant; irrigate rationally, and drain and dry the field at the appropriate time and to an appropriate degree.
2. Chemical control methods: The appropriate timing for application is 10-15 days after rice heading (before rice forms the middle boot and before preventing panicle blast). Spray per mu with 60 g of 20% validamycin, or 15 mL of validamycin-pyrimidine nucleoside, or 150-200 g of 16% validamycin-ketone-tricyclazole, mixed with 50-60 kg of water for spray control.
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