What are the common pest and disease control methods for black beans?
Black beans also suffer from pests and diseases during cultivation. Black beans have stronger disease resistance than other legumes, so diseases are generally relatively few, mainly insect pests. In recent years, as the planting area has grown larger and larger, the frequency of pests and diseases has also become higher and higher, affecting the growth and yield of black beans. So what common pests and diseases do black beans have? Come and take a look at the control methods with Qinnong Network.
1. Mosaic virus disease
Mosaic virus disease is one of the few diseases of black beans. It is a viral disease. After the virus infects the plant, it mainly harms the leaves, pods, and bean seeds, causing deformed plant growth, dull bean seeds, and pale yellow diseased spots on the leaves. In severe cases, the plant curls up and dies.
Control methods: Choose disease-free fields for planting, and select seeds that are plump, have no brown spots on the seed coat, and have strong disease resistance for planting. During planting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve the plant's disease resistance, and cultivate strong seedlings. When disease occurs, spray 1.5% Zhibingling emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution, or 5% Junduqing at 400 times dilution for control.
2. Bean stem black fly
The bean stem black fly is a widely distributed boring insect pest. The larvae mainly cause the damage. Adults lay eggs in the soil, on plants, or on plants around the field. After the larvae hatch, they invade the stems from the young parts of the leaf veins and petioles, boring into the pith and xylem of the stems. The plant's absorption of nutrients and water is blocked, and growth is poor. Because nutrients and water accumulate in the root system, swelling forms, and the plant becomes dwarfed. In the later stage, flowers and pods drop, causing reduced yield or total crop failure.
Control methods: Choose early-maturing, high-yield, and pest-resistant varieties, and try not to miss the best sowing time. During the adult outbreak period, brown sugar water mixed with vinegar, liquor, and insecticide can be used for trapping and killing, which can reduce the pest damage. During the larval and egg stages, insecticide can be sprayed for control.
3. Aphids
Aphids also cause damage as larvae. They mainly harm leaves, flowers, and pods. In the early stage of plant growth, they harm the leaves, chewing the leaves so they become incomplete, reducing photosynthesis and weakening nutrient synthesis. During the flowering and pod-setting stage, they bore into the flowers or pods and chew them, causing reduced yield or total crop failure.
Control methods: During planting, completely remove the weeds near the field to reduce pest sources. The brown sugar water mixed with liquor and vinegar mentioned above can also be used for trapping and killing, or using natural enemies for control is also a feasible method. If neither of these works, during the aphid outbreak period, pesticides such as Keyaxing emulsifiable concentrate and pirimicarb wettable powder can be sprayed. Pay attention to the concentration and dosage, and also use them alternately to avoid developing pesticide resistance.
4. Fruit borers
Fruit borers mainly harm leaves and pods. In the early stage of infestation, they often live on the leaves, rolling the leaves into curls, and feed inside the curled leaves. In the later stage, they harm the pods, bore into the pods, and eat the bean seeds clean, causing great damage.
Control methods: After harvest, gather the dead plants and fallen leaves in the field and burn them together to reduce pest sources and overwintering eggs. In the early stage, manual capture can be carried out by removing the curled leaves and crushing the fruit borers inside. Spraying 15% Anda suspension concentrate at 4000 times dilution or 5% Yitaibao emulsifiable concentrate at 1500 times dilution can also be used for control.
The above are the common pest and disease control methods for black beans brought to you by Qinnong Network. We hope it can help you. If you want to learn more, please stay tuned to Qinnong Network.