A Detailed Explanation of Ramie Cultivation Techniques and Management Methods
Ramie is one of the important fiber crops of ancient times, with a cultivation history of more than 4,000 years in our country. In ancient times, its main uses were making linen cloth and fine hemp rope. With social progress, these items have been continuously phased out, but later it was found that ramie leaves have a relatively high protein content, so they are often used to make feed. In addition, its roots contain the medicinal component ramie acid, which has the effects of nourishing yin and preventing miscarriage, and it is also widely used for medicinal purposes, as well as a raw material for papermaking and chemical raw materials. With broad uses and good prospects for cultivation, so how should it be planted? Let's take a look together with Qinong Net.
1. Site Selection and Orchard Establishment
Ramie is a thermophilic short-day plant and is relatively suited to cultivation in temperate and subtropical climates, so the planting site should preferably be chosen in a sheltered, sunny area with good drainage, but the light intensity should not be too strong, and it is not suitable for planting where the groundwater level is below 1 m. It can adapt to sandy loam to clay loam, but grows best in loose-textured soil.
2. Sowing and Raising Seedlings
Ramie has many propagation methods. A common one is root propagation, but that requires perennial old plants as a prerequisite, so when first planting, it is still better to choose the sowing propagation method. The sowing time is from early March to early April. Choose market conditions as the seedbed, apply sufficient base fertilizer, rake fine and level, and then sow. Generally, the germination rate of sowing is 30%, and the sowing rate per mu is about 1 jin. When sowing, mix the seed with fine mud or plant ash before sowing. Water thoroughly once before sowing, and after sowing cover with a layer of fine soil and plant ash, then cover with a layer of rice straw and crop stalks on top to keep warm and moist. After sowing, keep the soil moist. After emergence, as the seedlings grow, gradually remove the covering material. When the seedlings grow 6 true leaves, it can all be removed.
3. Thinning and Weeding
Timely thinning during the seedling stage can help the seedlings grow quickly and increase yield. Generally, thinning is carried out once at the 4-leaf stage and a second time at the 6-leaf stage, with a plant spacing of 4-5 cm, and 400-500 plants can be planted per sq m. While thinning, diseased plants and weak seedlings can be removed, weeds can be removed, and pesticides can be sprayed to control diseases and insect pests. During this period, 1-2 cultivations are also needed, loosening the soil in time, once during the budding stage, with shallow plowing to assist sprouting and make sprouting uniform, and another during the row-closing stage, cultivating 4-5 cm deep.
4. Fertilizer and Water Management
After the covering material is removed, water frequently to keep the soil moist. At the 3-4 leaf stage, appropriate fertilization can be combined with watering. At this time, some urine fertilizer can be applied appropriately, once a week, for 2-3 applications. When the seedlings grow to about 20 cm, seedling-promoting fertilizer should be applied at this time to promote rapid seedling growth. At about 60 cm, pay attention to one stalk-growing fertilizer. The fertilizer is generally mainly human and livestock manure and urine, cake fertilizer or urea. Generally, per mu apply 1,000 kg of human and livestock manure and urine farmyard manure, 100 kg of cake fertilizer, and 20 kg of urea. During the peak growing season, a small amount of boron fertilizer can be applied to increase yield.
5. Harvest
Ramie is a crop harvested multiple times. The first harvest is in late May or early June. The first ramie harvest should be early to promote the early development of the second ramie. After harvesting, repeat the above work. Likewise thinning and weeding, and fertilizer and water management. The second ramie is generally in late July. After harvesting, cultivate, weed and fertilize, and also pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests to promote the healthy growth of the third ramie. The growing season of the third ramie is in late summer and early autumn, when diseases are more serious and climate changes are greater. In addition to diseases and insect pests, measures against summer drought and autumn drought as well as waterlogging prevention are also needed. The third ramie can generally be harvested in late October or early November.
The above is the ramie cultivation technique brought to you by Qinong Net. We hope it can help you. To learn more, please stay tuned to Qinong Net.