Detailed explanation of sunflower planting techniques, master the key points of cultivation and management
The sunflower is a plant that opens toward the sun. It is an economic crop that combines edible and ornamental value. In daily life, many people like to grow it as an ornamental flower because of its sun-facing nature, representing a positive and upward state. The sunflower seeds we eat daily are its fruit, so its economic benefit is relatively high. Growing it is a good planting project. Let's take a look at its planting techniques with Qinong.net below.
1. Land selection and soil preparation
When planting, choosing a good plot is an important factor in increasing yield and boosting returns. The sunflower has wide adaptability to soil and can adapt from heavy clay to light sandy soil. It also has a certain tolerance to acid and alkali, generally with a pH between 5.5-8.5. Too much acidity or alkalinity will have a certain impact on its growth. Choose a plot with deep soil layers and flat terrain, and a crop rotation period of more than 3—4 years is also required. When preparing the soil, prepare it finely, plow the soil deeply, break up the soil, remove hard objects such as stones, and then apply sufficient base fertilizer.
2. Seed selection and treatment
When selecting, be sure to choose varieties with excellent quality, fast growth, high yield, and strong stress resistance and disease resistance. When selecting seeds, keep seeds that are plump and consistent in shape, size, and color, and eliminate those of poorer quality. Before sowing, the seeds must first be treated to improve the germination rate. First place the selected seeds under the sun to dry for 2-3 days, and remember to turn them in time while sun-drying. Then use 150 ml of 40% zinc phoxim, mixed with 5—7.5 kg of water, to soak the seeds, eliminate pathogens on the seed surface, and prevent disease occurrence.
3. Sowing
The sowing time depends on the local climate and soil. Generally, the sowing time is between April and May. The sowing methods can use hole sowing and furrow sowing with spot seeding, generally mainly hole sowing. Generally, the hole depth is 5-6 cm, the sowing rate is about 1-1.5 kg per mu, and 4-5 seeds are sown per hole. Use wide and narrow row sowing, with a large row spacing of 1 m, a small row spacing of 60 cm, and a plant spacing of 60 cm. After emergence, thin and fill in seedlings in time according to the actual emergence situation. Keeping about 1,400 plants per mu is optimal.
4. Later field management
Later field management mainly includes intertillage and weeding, fertilizer and water management, and supplementary pollination. Carry out intertillage and weeding 2-3 times each year to ensure strong growth. The first time can be done together with thinning seedlings, cultivating 3-4 cm, and applying an appropriate amount of urea as topdressing. The second time is one week later, with deep cultivation of 8-10 cm. The third time is when the head forms, with deep cultivation of 3-4 cm, and topdressing fertilizer. Artificial supplementary pollination of sunflowers is extremely important. It is a cross-pollinated crop. Artificial pollination can increase the seed-setting rate, increase yield, and improve returns. The specific method is: wear gloves, and 2-3 days after flowering, touch each one by hand. Artificial supplementary pollination is best done in the morning or evening, avoiding the high-temperature period at noon.
This is the sunflower planting technique brought to you by Qinong.net. The content about sunflower planting is introduced here. If you want to learn more, please stay tuned to Qinong.net.