What are the control methods for high-temperature damage to soybeans
A recent hot agricultural news topic is the continuous rise in temperature in the Huanggang City area, which has had a very large impact on crop yields. As a result, many regions now attach great importance to high-temperature damage, because the weather can change at any time and high-temperature weather may suddenly move into their own region. Many growers are also very worried, and relevant national authorities are paying close attention as well. At the same time, relevant experts have provided many methods for controlling high temperatures. So today Qinnong Net is here to introduce several control methods for high-temperature damage to soybeans, hoping to help friends who grow soybeans. Of course, other crops can also draw on these methods.
1. Choose heat-tolerant varieties
To prevent high-temperature damage in the future, we can choose relatively heat-tolerant varieties when planting soybeans. There are so many soybean varieties now that there is always one with great resistance to heat, such as Changji yellow soybeans, Heihe varieties, Hefeng, Dufeng, Qing'an, and so on. The heat tolerance of these varieties is relatively good. These varieties are all new types developed by relevant experts specifically for the climate and growing conditions of the relevant regions, so we should choose varieties with stronger resistance as much as possible, which can greatly reduce losses.
2. Reasonable planting density
Reasonable planting density is also a small way to prevent high-temperature damage. Although the effect is not very good when the real high temperature arrives, it can still have a certain effect, because if planting is too dense, the field temperature is already relatively high even before high temperatures arrive. Once high temperatures come, the mortality rate increases greatly. So we should make the density as reasonable as possible, which also means planting should not be too sparse. The best is about 550 to 620 plants per mu on average. The spacing between rows is 50 cm, and the spacing between plants is 40 cm. That is about right.
3. Timely sprinkler irrigation to regulate temperature
When the temperature is relatively high, we can lower the field temperature slightly through watering and irrigation. In fact, sprinkler irrigation is a very good method for controlling high temperatures, because water plays a major role in regulating temperature. However, we cannot irrigate at noon every day when the temperature is highest and the sunlight is strongest. It is best to spray the field well with water in the morning every day, so that by noon only the water in the field will evaporate, thereby reducing damage to soybeans. Second, we also need to carry out sprinkler irrigation once from afternoon to evening every day, which can bring the soil temperature back to the most normal level.
4. Scientific fertilization to enhance resistance
In addition to protecting soybeans through methods, we also need to improve the soybean plants themselves. Since they have already been planted, we certainly cannot start from the seeds, so we can enhance the resistance of soybeans, that is, their own immunity, through fertilization. During the flowering period of soybeans, we can apply an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer, urea, and foliar fertilizer, which can provide sufficient nutrients to the plants and thus improve their stress resistance. When spraying foliar fertilizer, it can not only enhance the resistance of soybeans but also have a certain cooling effect. This can be said to kill two birds with one stone.
5. Strengthen pest and disease control
Soybeans are very prone to disease in high-temperature weather. Once disease occurs, it is highly contagious, so the impact on soybean yield is very large. Therefore, during this period we must pay close attention to the growth status of soybeans and at the same time be prepared to prevent pests and diseases. The most common diseases in high-temperature weather are soybean rust, viral disease, and root rot, so we can spray with wettable powder of hymexazol, or spray with emulsifiable concentrate. At the same time, whiteflies are very likely to appear under high temperatures. They mainly damage the leaf surface of soybeans. We can use 5% acetamiprid spray for control.