Sesame Cultivation Methods and Key Growing Techniques

Sesame is very familiar to us and is commonly seen in daily life, appearing in many foods. In addition, sesame is one of the main oil crops in our country, with an extremely wide planting area and significant economic benefits. So below, Qinong Web will explain sesame cultivation methods for everyone. Let's take a look.

1. Soil Selection and Land Preparation

Sesame likes warmth and can be grown in spring and autumn, but it is mostly sown when temperatures are relatively high, so soil selection, land preparation, and maintaining moisture and nutrients are extremely critical. In areas with more soil moisture, the land can be finely harrowed in both directions after plowing, and after sowing, it can be directly covered with soil. In areas with insufficient soil moisture, however, sowing must be done immediately after plowing, and then plastic film or the stems of other crops should be used to cover and preserve moisture. During growth, sesame is afraid of waterlogging, so in areas with more rainy weather, trenches should be opened and beds made, which is beneficial for drainage and irrigation.

2. Sowing and Raising Seedlings

Sesame seeds need suitable and stable temperatures to germinate, so sowing is generally done in May-June. There are three sowing methods: dibbling, broadcasting, and drilling. Dibbling means sowing a few seeds in each hole. This sowing method is more troublesome, but after emergence it is easier to manage. Broadcasting means evenly scattering the seeds over the planting area. Seedlings emerge quickly, but it is not easy to manage. Drilling means reasonably controlling plant and row spacing and rationally increasing density. It is suitable for large-scale planting and convenient for mechanized operations. But no matter which sowing method is used, the soil should be covered shallowly, with 2-3 cm of soil being enough. After sowing, spray once with diluted insecticide. This can reduce weeds and is also equivalent to watering the soil. With suitable temperature and humidity maintained, seedlings can emerge in about half a month, and when they grow 2-3 leaves, thinning can be done.

3. Fertilizer and Water Management

To achieve high and high-quality sesame yields, fertilization is the key point, but how should fertilizer be applied? Sesame fertilization should grasp both method and timing, and attention should be paid to combining nutrient ratios.

Generally, sesame is fertilized at three times. The first is after thinning the seedlings. Sesame seeds are relatively few, and improper fertilization often causes it to grow extremely fast, which is not conducive to its later growth, so nitrogen fertilizer should be applied as little as possible. Urea can be used, or it can be watered with thin manure water.

The second is at the budding stage of sesame. At this time, its demand for nutrients is relatively large, and sufficient nutrients must be provided for it to bud smoothly. At this time, fertilization is generally based mainly on nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

The third is the flowering stage. Sesame grows extremely rapidly during the flowering stage. By this time, the root system has already developed well and has strong absorption capacity. The nutrients absorbed during this period account for 70% of this growth period, so fertilization must be applied heavily.

4. Field Management

When thinning seedlings, timely cultivating and weeding should be carried out. During the entire growing season, cultivation should be done 2-3 times. When cultivating, combine it with earthing up, which can make the soil loose, help drainage and prevent waterlogging, and prevent the plants from lodging. Sesame is relatively sensitive to water, is not drought-tolerant, and is also afraid of waterlogging, so watering and drainage and irrigation must be done well.

The above is the sesame cultivation method brought to you by Qinong Web. After reading the sesame cultivation methods, we hope it will be helpful to everyone. For more agricultural knowledge, please keep following Qinong Web.