What are the precautions for growing sesame?
Sesame is an important economic crop in our country, and it has a wide range of uses. It is not only an important raw material for the food industry, but its oil content is as high as over 50%, making it an important economic crop with significant economic benefits. However, growing it is not easy, and there are many things to pay attention to. Often a tiny mistake can lead to huge losses. Below, Qinnong.com brings you the precautions for growing sesame.
1. Choose good seeds
Choosing a good variety is the foundation that determines the quality and yield of sesame. When planting, choose excellent varieties with high yield, strong disease resistance, strong stress resistance, and suitability for the local growing environment. In this way, it is easy to manage during cultivation, the yield is high, and the income is also high.
2. Avoid continuous cropping
According to experimental research, if sesame is continuously planted in the same area for more than one year, its incidence rate reaches 50%, and if continuously planted for 2 years, the incidence rate reaches 80%. Therefore, it is best to use crop rotation for planting, and it can be rotated with corn, wheat, and other economic crops, which can also ensure land utilization.
3. Reasonable dense planting
If the density is too high during planting, plants will compete with each other for light and nutrients, resulting in poor individual growth and development, affecting yield, making management difficult, and making them highly susceptible to pests and diseases. Generally, for the single-stem type, plant about 20,000 plants per mu, while for the branching type, plant about 10,000 plants per mu.
4. Intertillage and weeding
When growing sesame, weeds also have a relatively large impact on it. Weeds compete with the plants for nutrients, which is not conducive to plant growth. In addition, if the soil is not intertilled and loosened for a long time, the soil will become compacted and form clods, which is not conducive to the growth of the sesame plant root system. Carry out intertillage and weeding 2-3 times each year to speed up the growth of sesame.
5. Pest and disease control
Common sesame diseases include fusarium wilt and leaf spot. Fusarium wilt causes a large number of seedling deaths, while leaf spot causes plant leaves to wither and fall off, affecting yield. Pests mainly include underground insects, aphids, and capsule-boring pests. They gnaw on plant stems and leaves, roots, or suck plant sap, causing different degrees of damage to the plants, and all of them affect yield and quality. During planting, observe carefully and deal with pests and diseases promptly when found.
The above are the precautions for growing sesame brought to you by Qinnong.com. After sesame matures, harvest it promptly to avoid the pods becoming overripe and bursting open and falling off. For more agricultural knowledge, please stay tuned to Qinnong.com.