What are the methods to prevent high-temperature damage in corn
When this time of year comes around each summer, the dog days arrive, and the dog days are the weather in which all crops are most prone to pests and diseases. They also have a big impact on corn growth. Many friends do not know what kind of damage corn will suffer under the high-temperature weather of summer, and even if they know, they do not understand how to prevent and control it. So how exactly should the damage to corn during the dog days be prevented? Let us take a look together.
1. Artificial pollination
Everyone knows that when corn encounters a continuous high-temperature and drought environment, its pollination and fertilization, pollen shedding and seed-setting rate all decline. If continuous high-temperature weather happens right when corn is flowering and shedding pollen, it is unfavorable for its natural pollen shedding, reduces the probability of pollination and fertilization, results in fewer seeds being set and affects yield. At this time, the method of artificial pollination should be used to increase the success rate of corn pollination and fertilization under high-temperature conditions. Pollen should be collected from 8-10 a.m., when the pollen is at its most abundant and freshest of the day. Pollinate immediately after collecting to increase the pollination rate.
2. Reduce density
When planting corn, the planting density in the field should be calculated well. Too sparse a density will cause corn to produce branching and multiple ears. If the density is too dense, it will affect the nutrient absorption of each plant and affect the permeability of the field. A reasonable planting density can reduce the conflict among individual plants over water, allow each plant to develop normally and grow robustly, and give it stronger resistance to high-temperature environments. This indirectly reduces the harm of high temperatures to corn. If the planting density is already too dense, the wide-and-narrow row planting method can be used; this method can improve problems such as poor permeability and poor development caused by excessive density.
3. Scientific fertilization
In the process of fertilizing corn, fertilizer should be applied reasonably, and the amount of organic fertilizer used should be appropriately increased in the fertilizer. The purpose is to promote the release of nutrients from the base fertilizer in the soil, and attention should also be paid to the use of trace elements. At the seedling emergence stage, fertilizer should be applied to enhance the drought resistance of corn stalks and leaves, while at the large trumpet stage it is mainly aimed at the flower spikes. A water-fertilizer mixing method should be adopted to enhance the drought resistance of corn itself; during high temperatures, more foliar fertilizer should be applied, which can both cool and retain moisture and provide the nutrients corn needs.
4. Timely watering
High temperatures very likely bring drought, and during the period when drought arrives, watering should be done in advance; first, it can lower the temperature in the field, and second, it also provides sufficient water. The evaporation effect on the soil surface is strengthened, lowering its temperature and reducing the harm brought by high temperatures. High temperatures also affect the respiration of corn; weakened respiration in corn leads to poor development, and carbon dioxide in the plant cannot be discharged in time, affecting the seed-setting rate. Water can also be applied directly to the leaves to lower the body temperature of the whole crop.
Friends everywhere should be reminded that high temperature and drought will cause heat damage to corn, and heat damage will seriously affect the normal growth of corn, leading to a large reduction in corn yield or even a total loss. In high-temperature weather, the water demand of corn increases sharply, and many friends still water according to the amount used before the high temperatures, thus causing high-temperature damage and yield reduction in corn, so friends must take high-temperature damage in corn seriously.