How to Grow Black Sesame? A Full Breakdown of the Key Techniques
1. Land preparation and fertilization: Choose a field of sandy loam or loam with loose soil, good aeration, and medium-to-above-average fertility for planting, and avoid continuous cropping. Prepare the land and apply fertilizer at the end of May and the beginning of June, applying 10-15 kg of urea or 20-25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per mu, plus 5-10 kg of potassium chloride. 2. Seed treatment: Sun the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing. To prevent...
1. Land preparation and fertilization: Choose a field of sandy loam or loam with loose soil, good aeration, and medium-to-above-average fertility for planting, and avoid continuous cropping. Prepare the land and apply fertilizer at the end of May and the beginning of June, applying 10-15 kg of urea or 20-25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per mu, plus 5-10 kg of potassium chloride.
2. Seed treatment: Sun the seeds for 1-2 days before sowing. To control sesame black spot disease and stem spot blight, soak the seeds in warm water at 50-55°C for about 15 minutes, remove them after cooling, and dry them before sowing. The sowing rate is 0.5 kg per mu.
3. Thinning and final spacing: Thin the seedlings when the first pair of true leaves unfolds. When 2-3 pairs of true leaves have grown, set the plants at a spacing of 15 x 20 cm between plants and rows, removing crowded seedlings and filling in gaps, leaving 8,000-10,000 vigorous seedlings per mu.
4. Topping at the right time: 10-20 days after the early flowering stage, remove about 1 cm from the tips of the main stem and each branch.
5. Disease control: After black sesame buds appear and the stems grow rapidly, spray with a 50% iprodione 800-1000 times dilution, once every 5-7 days, for 2-3 consecutive treatments, which can effectively control black spot disease, leaf blight, and stem spot blight.
6. Harvesting at the right time: Sesame ripens very unevenly. If harvested too early, the upper seeds cannot mature; if harvested too late, the lower seeds are prone to shattering, causing losses. Harvest should be timed half a month to 20 days after the final flowering stage, or about 5 days after topping. After harvesting, pile the plants for a period before threshing, so the seeds can fully mature.