What technical points should be paid attention to for high-yield sesame cultivation?
What should be paid attention to for high-yield sesame cultivation? Please introduce that for high-yield sesame cultivation, the following stages must be handled well: the intertillage and weeding stage. After thinning sesame seedlings, shallow hoeing should be done to loosen the soil and remove weeds. When the seedlings are 5 cm tall, carry out the second intertillage. After that, carry out 1-2 more intertillages according to soil conditions and seedling growth, so as to achieve loose soil and good aeration...
What should be paid attention to for high-yield sesame cultivation? Please introduce
For high-yield sesame cultivation, the following stages must be handled well:
Intertillage and weeding stage: After thinning sesame seedlings, shallow hoeing should be done to loosen the soil and remove weeds. When the seedlings are 5 cm tall, carry out the second intertillage. After that, carry out 1-2 more intertillages according to soil conditions and seedling growth, so as to achieve loose soil and good aeration and create favorable conditions for root activity. During intertillage, be careful not to hoe too deeply, so as not to damage the roots. This promotes robust growth of sesame seedlings and lays the foundation for high yield.
Hilling and lodging prevention stage: Lodging is a major enemy of sesame production and has a great impact on yield, generally reducing it by 40-80%. To prevent lodging, first, hill the soil. When sesame seedlings grow to about 25-30 cm, soil should be hilled around the roots to resist wind and prevent lodging. Second, at the 2-3 pairs of true leaves stage of sesame, spray "paclobutrazol" to inhibit vegetative growth during the seedling stage, promote root development, make the root system more numerous and deeper, reduce the height of the stem and the capsule-bearing position, avoid top-heavy plants, and prevent lodging. Third, about 15 days after the early flowering of sesame, spray mepiquat chloride to inhibit ineffective upper flowering and capsule formation, control continued growth of the top, reduce competition for plant nutrients by ineffective upper capsules, make the plants grow robustly, and prevent lodging.
Fertilizer topdressing at flowering stage: Sesame grows most rapidly during the flowering and capsule-setting stage. At this time, vegetative growth and reproductive growth proceed simultaneously, and the nutrients absorbed are the greatest, accounting for about 60-70% of the entire growth period. At the early flowering stage, apply 10-12 kg of urea per mu. At the full flowering stage, spray the leaf surface with a 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, so that sesame grows vigorously during the flowering stage, accumulates more photosynthetic products, increases the number of flowers and capsules, stabilizes yield in the later stage and prevents premature senescence, and makes the seeds plump and full.
Topping and pinching stage: Topping is a simple, easy, and effective yield-increasing measure, generally increasing yield by 10-15%. Topping can inhibit ineffective growth, regulate and balance vegetative growth and reproductive growth, make the seeds in the upper capsules plump, increase the 1000-grain weight, and raise yield. Generally, topping is carried out 35 days before sesame harvest to ensure that the upper capsules have about 35 days for grain filling and maturation. The topping method is to choose a sunny day and remove about 2 cm from the top of the plant by hand. This ensures nutrient supply to the capsules and helps achieve high yield.
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