What are the precautions for growing pepper seedlings in summer and autumn
What should be noted when growing pepper seedlings in summer and autumn? Please advise. The points to note when growing pepper seedlings in summer and autumn are as follows: To prevent high-temperature damage, the seedbed should be well ventilated, build a shade shed, cover with a shade net or non-woven fabric for shading, and branches can also be used for shading; mud slurry water can also be sprayed on the plastic film for shading. After sowing, cover with rice straw...
What should be noted when growing pepper seedlings in summer and autumn? Please advise
The points to note when growing pepper seedlings in summer and autumn are as follows:
To prevent high-temperature damage, the seedbed should be well ventilated. Build a shade shed, cover with a shade net or non-woven fabric for shading, and branches can also be used for shading; mud slurry water can also be sprayed on the plastic film for shading. After sowing, cover the seedbed with rice straw, and remove the seedbed covering when 60%-70% of the seedlings have emerged. Through shading, the temperature is lowered and the light transmittance is reduced, which is beneficial to seedling growth.
To prevent damage from strong winds and heavy rain, the seedbed should be located on higher ground with drainage ditches around it, so that accumulated water can be drained promptly during heavy rain. It is best to use the "one net and one film" covering method, that is, covering the plastic film with a shade net on top. Its performance in shading, cooling, and preventing heavy rain is better than covering with a single shade net. Before heavy rain arrives, pull down the plastic film, close the ventilation openings tightly, and seal the surroundings with soil to prevent rainwater from flowing into the seedbed. Fix the film-pressing lines well to prevent them from being blown open by strong winds. If water enters the seedbed, the soil will become compacted, which is unfavorable for seed germination and emergence and can easily cause a large number of dead seedlings.
To prevent drought damage, before sowing, test the seed germination rate, determine the sowing rate according to the test results, and sow after watering the seedbed thoroughly with bottom water or irrigate fully. The water used for sowing must not be sewage or dirty water; groundwater is best. Before sowing, the seedbed should be shaded and kept moist. According to weather conditions, a small amount of water can be sprayed onto the seedbed with a watering can in the morning or evening to prevent the seedbed from drying out.
To prevent excessive seedling spindling, seedling spindling is mainly caused by insufficient light. Photosynthesis is weak, so less nutrients are produced; temperatures are high, especially high nighttime temperatures, respiration is strong, and more nutrients are consumed, reducing the dry matter content in the plant. Together with sufficient nitrogen fertilizer and water, this causes spindling. In addition, if seedling density is too high, they shade each other, light is insufficient, the seedbed is not ventilated, and the seedlings receive less light around them and more light only at the top, prompting the young stems to elongate rapidly, which can also cause spindling. Therefore, the seedbed must never be flood-irrigated; water can only be sprayed with a watering can, and the amount of water should not be too large, keeping the seedbed alternately dry and moist, and thinning and transplanting seedlings in time. As long as it is not raining, the greenhouse film should be opened to facilitate ventilation, light transmission, and moisture removal. On cloudy and rainy days, remove the shade net and leave only the plastic film to prevent rain, so as to obtain more scattered light.
To prevent disease and pest damage, when growing seedlings in summer and autumn, diseases and pests such as viral disease, aphids, and cabbage caterpillars are very likely to cause damage. Therefore, attention should be paid to preventing disease and pest damage when growing seedlings. First, apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer. Disinfect the seedbed by treating it with agents such as carbendazim or formaldehyde. Seeds need to be soaked in warm water or treated with agents to avoid soil-borne diseases. Second, after sowing, immediately scatter poisoned bait in and around the seedbed to poison and kill underground pests such as mole crickets. Third, lower the seedbed temperature to help prevent the occurrence of viral disease. Fourth, choose disease-resistant varieties. Fifth, use insect-proof nets for seedling cultivation, and set up yellow and orange aphid-attracting boards in the seedbed to trap and kill aphids. Sixth, spray pesticides in time. Commonly used agents include 75% chlorothalonil, 50% carbendazim, 70% mancozeb, 20% virus A, 1.5% zhiling emulsifiable concentrate, 50% thiram, 50% pirimicarb, 50% phoxim emulsion, 80% trichlorfon, etc.
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