What are the key management techniques for summer soybean in the mid-to-late growth stage?
How should summer soybean be managed in the mid-to-late growth stage? Please give an introduction. During the flowering and pod-setting stage, soybean growth enters a vigorous period, and vegetative growth gradually reaches its peak; this is the period when soybean needs the most fertilizer and water in its entire life cycle. Sufficient fertilizer and water, strong light and enough carbon dioxide help promote soybean flowering and pod-setting. The high yield of soybean...
How should summer soybean be managed in the mid-to-late growth stage? Please give an introduction.
During the flowering and pod-setting stage, soybean growth enters a vigorous period, and vegetative growth gradually reaches its peak; this is the period when soybean needs the most fertilizer and water in its entire life cycle. Sufficient fertilizer and water, strong light and enough carbon dioxide help promote soybean flowering and pod-setting. The level of soybean yield depends on the number of pods and seeds per plant, so in the production management process, soybean plants are required to have luxuriant leaves, deep roots and strong stems, so as to achieve the goal of many pods and many seeds and strive for high yield.
Drought during the flowering and pod stage has a great impact on the number of pods and seeds of soybean, so irrigation must be carried out in time, and drainage should also be attended to on rainy days. At the same time, protection measures should be determined according to the plant's growth vigor and appearance. For those growing too vigorously with a tendency to spindly growth, deep intertillage or spraying a growth retardant can be used to control excessive growth. If the plants are weak, fertilization should be carried out in combination with intertillage and watering, preferably with compound fertilizer, 5-10 kg per mu. In July-August, soybean is susceptible to damage by pests. The cotton semilooper and soybean hawk moth are pests that occur frequently and can be devastating; they cause more serious damage from late July to early August. Pyrethroid pesticides can be used to control the cotton semilooper and soybean hawk moth. Control of the soybean stem black leafminer and the soybean stem fly is also worth noting, and phoxim or pyrethroid pesticides can also be used for control.
The main goal in the grain ripening stage is to protect leaves and roots and increase the number of pods and seeds. The seed-filling stage, especially the early stage, is sensitive to water response, and at this time it gradually enters the dry season, so watering should be done when drought occurs. For some plots, foliar fertilization should also be carried out, spraying 1%-2% urea or 2%-3% superphosphate solution, and the time should be after 3 p.m.
The main pests in the grain ripening stage are the soybean pod borer and the cotton bollworm, which can be controlled with insecticides such as phoxim and deltamethrin.
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