What are the key points of autumn buckwheat planting techniques?
How to plant buckwheat well in autumn? Here is an introduction. For autumn buckwheat planting, you can refer to the following methods: 1. Sow at the right time. Buckwheat likes a cool environment and is afraid of frost. Sowing too early or too late will seriously affect yield. In the riverine and southern areas of our province, the suitable sowing period is around mid-August, and in the Huai River area, early to mid-August is suitable...
How to plant buckwheat well in autumn? Here is an introduction.
For autumn buckwheat planting, you can refer to the following methods:
1. Sow at the right time. Buckwheat likes a cool environment and is afraid of frost. Sowing too early or too late will seriously affect yield. In the riverine and southern areas of our province, the suitable sowing period is around mid-August, and in the Huai River area, early to mid-August is suitable.
2. Choose good varieties. It is advisable to choose buckwheat varieties with a growth period of 70-80 days and strong stress resistance, such as Sweet Buckwheat No. 1, Sweet Buckwheat No. 2, and Xiaohonghua Tartary Buckwheat. It is best to use new seeds harvested in the same year.
3. Seed treatment. Before sowing, sun the seeds for 2-3 days, then use the warm water soaking method for seed selection, that is, soak the seeds in warm water at 40°C for 10-15 minutes, remove the floating shriveled grains, and take out the plump grains that sink to the bottom and dry them. In areas with severe pests and diseases, seed dressing with chemicals can be carried out. In order to shorten the time from sowing to emergence, after soaking in warm water, the seeds can be kept covered for 1-2 days, and sown immediately when the seeds begin to sprout.
4. Finely prepare the land. Buckwheat seedlings have poor ability to push through the soil and weak root development, so they have higher requirements for land preparation. Farming and land preparation should be done as well as possible.
5. Apply more fertilizer. Buckwheat is tolerant of poor soil, but appropriately applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can significantly increase yield. Fertilizer can be applied as seed fertilizer. Generally, during sowing, apply 3-5 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu, and add an appropriate amount of high-quality organic fertilizer. When applying, be careful to keep chemical fertilizer separate from the seeds to prevent seedling burn.
6. Sowing methods. There are mainly three types: broadcast sowing, dibbling, and drilling. Broadcast sowing can be further divided into first plowing the land and then scattering seeds, and first scattering seeds and then plowing the land. For dibbling, generally 5000-6000 holes per mu, with 10-15 seeds per hole. The sowing depth is generally 3-4 cm; the sowing rate for drilling is generally 2.5-3 kg per mu, and for broadcast sowing about 5 kg per mu.
7. Strengthen field management. First, remove waterlogging and prevent drought. When sowing, ditches should be opened for drainage to prevent waterlogging and seedling death. If drought occurs during the emergence period, timely furrow irrigation should be used to moisten the soil, or diluted manure water should be splashed on in the morning and evening before emergence. Second, timely intertillage and weeding. If rain occurs after sowing, the soil crust should be broken in time. Also, intertill and weed 2 times when the seedlings are 6-8 cm tall and before flowering. Third, supplement fertilizer to prevent decline. From flowering to seed-setting stage, use 0.5 kg of urea and 200 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per mu, mix with 60 kg of water, and spray 1-2 times. Fourth, assist pollination. The natural pollination seed-setting rate of buckwheat is low, so artificial assisted pollination should be carried out during the flowering period. Bees can be released for pollination, or from 8-10 a.m. a rope or thin bamboo pole can be used to gently drag back and forth over the upper layer of the plants, for 2-3 times (with an interval of 3-5 days). Fifth, prevent and control pests, diseases, and rodents, and pay attention to using low-toxicity pesticides.
8. Harvest in time. Before Frost's Descent, when 707 of the grains on the whole plant are dark brown, harvest promptly in the early morning and evening, and tie them into bundles or small bundles, placing them upright indoors so that the buckwheat fully after-ripens.
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