Ganoderma (Reishi) Cultivation Techniques: How to Control Coprinus Mushrooms When Growing Ganoderma?
How to control Coprinus mushrooms when growing Ganoderma? Please introduce 1. Morphological characteristics The common morphological features of Coprinus species are that the cap is initially bullet-shaped or oval, jade white, grayish white, or grayish yellow, and most of the surface has scaly hairs. The stipe is slender and hollow. After maturity, the cap expands, the gills change from white to black, and finally autolyze together with the cap into ink-like liquid. The spores are black, oval, and mixed within the ink-like liquid.
How to control Coprinus mushrooms when growing Ganoderma? Please introduce
1. Morphological characteristics The common morphological features of Coprinus species are that the cap is initially bullet-shaped or oval, jade white, grayish white, or grayish yellow, and most of the surface has scaly hairs. The stipe is slender and hollow. After maturity, the cap expands, the gills change from white to black, and finally autolyze together with the cap into ink-like liquid. The spores are black, oval, and mixed within the ink-like liquid.
2. Occurrence patterns
(1) Transmission routes Coprinus mushrooms often occur on horse, cattle, and sheep manure and compost, on poorly fermented material piles, and large amounts of Coprinus spores are also often present on moldy or damp rice straw, cottonseed hulls, and other raw materials. They are spread by air and by spore-bearing substrates and coverings. Once Coprinus mushrooms have appeared, they rapidly autolyze after the cap opens and spread again with the ink-like liquid.
(2) Conditions for occurrence In terms of nutrition, too much nitrogen source added to the growing substrate, or excessive fermentation producing acid and releasing excessive ammonia; they favor high temperature and high humidity environments, mostly occurring in hot summer and on moist substrates; an acidic environment very easily induces massive occurrence of Coprinus mushrooms.
(3) Growth characteristics Coprinus mushrooms grow quickly, appear early, and have a short cycle. For example, Coprinus radiatus takes about 7 hours from fruiting body formation to cap opening, about 8 hours from cap opening to autolysis of the fruiting body, and only 24 hours from fruiting body formation to complete autolysis; the spore quantity is large, reproductive capacity is strong, and the onset is fierce. A single Coprinus comatus releases more than 5 billion spores, and once it occurs it can easily cause devastating disasters.
3. Damage symptoms Before the Coprinus fruiting bodies appear there are no obvious symptoms. After the fruiting bodies emerge from the surface of the substrate, many small gray-black agaric mushrooms can be seen, growing extremely fast, ephemeral, and covering the entire bed surface. This fungus can be seen occurring in Ganoderma casing soil cultivation, competing with Ganoderma for water and nutrients, causing reduced yield or total loss.
4. Control methods
(1) Select dry, fresh, mold-free raw materials, and sun-dry them for 2 days before use. When stacking and fermenting raw materials, the material temperature must reach above 70°C and the pile must be turned promptly. The carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and moisture content of the formula must be reasonable.
(2) Before covering, the soil must be sealed and fumigated with a 5% formaldehyde solution.
(3) Once Coprinus mushrooms occur, they should be promptly pulled out and burned or deeply buried before their caps open.
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