What to Do When Peanuts Get Bacterial Wilt? A Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
What harm does peanut bacterial wilt cause, and how do you prevent and control it? At the request of netizens, Zhongdiwang has compiled the harm and prevention and control methods of peanut bacterial wilt, listed below for netizens' reference. Harm of peanut bacterial wilt: Peanut bacterial wilt is also called "peanut plague." Bacterial wilt occurs from the seedling stage to the harvest stage of peanuts...
What harm does peanut bacterial wilt cause, and how do you prevent and control it? At the request of netizens for an introductionZhongdiwang has compiled the harm and prevention and control methods of peanut bacterial wilt, listed below for netizens' reference.
Harm of peanut bacterial wilt:
Peanut bacterial wilt is also called "peanut plague." Bacterial wilt occurs from the seedling stage to the harvest stage of peanuts, but it occurs most frequently and most severely during the flowering stage. Generally, the disease reduces yield by 15%-20%, and in severely affected fields it reaches more than 50%. When the disease occurs during the pod-setting stage, it may result in a complete loss of harvest.
In affected plants, mild wilting first appears at noon, then the plants recover in the morning and evening. Next, the leaves of the whole plant lose water, wilt, and droop, and finally the plant dies of bacterial wilt while still green. When the stem of a diseased plant is cut open, the vascular tissue near the ground can be seen turning brown. When squeezed by hand, a dirty white bacterial fluid flows out from the cut. When the diseased plant is pulled up, the roots are already rotted and dark brown.
Causes of peanut bacterial wilt:
Continuous cropping fields are prone to the disease. High temperature and frequent rain, high humidity, and weather that alternates between sunny and rainy make the disease more likely to occur. Well-drained fertile loam or sandy loam has fewer cases, while poor sandy soil has more cases. Generally, spreading-type peanut varieties have stronger disease resistance, while upright-type varieties are easily susceptible to the disease.
Prevention and control methods for peanut bacterial wilt
Method 1. Carry out reasonable crop rotation:
Bacterial wilt mainly infects and causes damage through pathogens surviving in the soil. Implementing reasonable rotation with non-host crops, such as rotating peanuts with rice, corn, sorghum, etc., can eliminate the pathogens in the soil and effectively prevent the occurrence of this disease.
Method 2. Improve the soil, prevent waterlogging, and fertilize scientifically:
The base fertilizer should be supplemented with lime, plant ash, and phosphate fertilizer. For each mu, apply 40 kg of lime, 100 kg of plant ash, and 25 kg of superphosphate as base fertilizer, which can promote robust peanut growth and improve the disease resistance of the plants.
Method 3. Burn diseased corn plants in time:
After sporadic diseased plants are found, immediately pull them out together with the roots and burn them in a centralized manner. Sprinkle lime powder into the diseased holes to prevent the pathogens from spreading and transmitting.
Method 4. Use chemical agents for prevention and control:
In the early flowering stage of peanuts, use 130 g of captan per mu, dilute with 80 kg of water, and spray the soil surface and roots. Spray once every 7-8 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. The control effect reaches more than 85%. In the early stage of the disease, copper-ammonia solution can also be used for control. The specific method: grind 0.5 kg of copper sulfate and 3.5 kg of ammonium sulfate, then add 1 kg of slaked lime, dilute with 500 kg of water, and apply 250 g per plant. The effect is relatively good.
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