Achyranthes bidentata Growing Methods and Key Points for Pest and Disease Control
How is Achyranthes bidentata grown? What pests and diseases need to be controlled? Please provide guidance. For Achyranthes bidentata cultivation methods and pest and disease control, you can refer to the following methods: Site selection and land preparation. Achyranthes bidentata is a deep-rooted crop, so it is best to plant it in sandy loam soil with deep, loose, fertile soil, good drainage and a relatively low groundwater table. After selecting a good site, the soil should be...
For Achyranthes bidentata cultivation methods and pest and disease control, you can refer to the following methods:
Site selection and land preparation Achyranthes bidentata is a deep-rooted crop, so it is best to plant it in sandy loam soil with deep, loose, fertile soil, good drainage and a relatively low groundwater table. After selecting a good site, deeply plow the land to a depth of about 40 cm, plow and harrow multiple times, break the soil up finely, and apply sufficient base fertilizer. Apply 40-80 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per mu. After leveling and harrowing finely, make raised beds 1.3 m wide with 40 cm furrows between beds, open relatively deep drainage ditches around the perimeter, and wait to sow.
Sowing method and time: For sowing time, in Sichuan it is best to sow in early April, in Shandong around July 15 is best, in Beijing in early June, and in Henan in early July. If drilling is used, the row spacing is 15-20 cm, the furrow depth is 2-3 cm, and the soil covering thickness is about 1.5 cm. After sowing, rake smooth. Seedlings generally emerge in 7-10 days. The sowing rate is 2-2.5 kg per mu.
Field management:
(1) Thinning and final thinning: Thin seedlings when the seedlings are 7 cm tall, and establish the final stand at a plant spacing of 15 cm when the seedlings are 17-20 cm tall.
(2) Cultivation and weeding: Carry out 2-3 times before and after final thinning, and combine with shallow hoeing to loosen the soil, cutting off the fine roots in the surface soil to favor main root growth.
(3) Topdressing: Generally after final thinning, from late July to August, depending on seedling condition, apply 1 topdressing of diluted human waste. If the base fertilizer is sufficient, it may be omitted.
(4) Drainage and irrigation: Aside from the seedling stage, when the soil should often be kept moist, generally it should not be watered much afterward to prevent excessive top growth. During the rainy season, drain accumulated water promptly.
(5) Topping: When flower buds appear, promptly cut off the top branches and buds, generally 2-3 times, to keep plant height at about 45 cm.
Disease control:
Root rot It damages the roots, causing the roots to turn brown, become water-soaked, and gradually rot, while the aboveground stems and leaves gradually wither and die.
Control methods: (1) Reduce field humidity and pay attention to clearing ditches and draining water; (2) When disease occurs, drench the planting holes with a 1000-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim, or with 5% lime milk.
Nematode disease It damages the roots, causing galls to form on the roots, which lose their function of transporting nutrients, affecting yield and medicinal material quality.
Control methods: (1) Practice crop rotation, preferably paddy-upland rotation; (2) Disinfect the soil during land preparation: apply 5 kg of 3% isofenphos-methyl per mu, scatter it on the bed surface, and turn it into the soil.
Geometrid moth It bites and eats leaves and has camouflage and death-feigning behavior.
Control methods: (1) Taking advantage of its death-feigning behavior, carry out manual capture and killing; (2) Spray and kill with a 1000-fold dilution of 90% trichlorfon.
Red spider mites and stink bugs They occur from May to June and damage tender shoots and tender leaves.
Control method: Spray and kill with a 1000-fold dilution of 40% dimethoate.
Achyranthes bidentata can generally be harvested three years after sowing, with the harvest period between late October and November. After digging, shake off the soil, cut off the rhizome head, trim off the fibrous roots, tie into small bundles, and stand them on a heated kang or in a drying yard. During the drying process, note that the heat should not be too strong, so as to avoid oil loss. After they are half dry, stack them for 7-10 days. After they regain moisture, dry them again on the kang or in the sun until fully dry, and they become commercial medicinal material. The specific yield per mu of planted Achyranthes bidentata depends on the quality of management. Under normal circumstances, three-year-old Achyranthes bidentata can produce 150-200 kg of dried goods per mu, and four-year-old plants can produce 200-250 kg.
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