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How to use fermentation aids in mushroom cultivation substrate
Using fermentation aids to make edible mushroom substrate has the characteristics of fast fermentation, thorough fermentation, being able to ferment at both high and low temperatures, greatly shortening the conventional fermentation production time, reducing labor intensity, and lowering costs; it also has the characteristics of "broad-spectrum" fermentation (it can ferment almost all organic materials that need fermentation) and "strong adaptability" (it has relatively loose requirements for environmental conditions). Comparative trial demonstrations of the Jinbaobei edible mushroom cultivation substrate fermentation aid produced by Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. show that this fermentation microbial agent is more
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How to increase the survival rate when propagating geraniums
Geraniums are mainly propagated by cuttings. To increase the survival rate, you must master the following points: (1) Selection of cuttings. Choose branches that are solid inside and have a small cut surface as cuttings. The specific method is to pinch off the growing tip of the mother plant in advance, and after new side branches emerge, cut the branch from the base of the new side branch, close to the mother branch. (2) Cutting time. Cuttings are generally taken in mid-September. If the cuttings are not newly grown side branches, the cut cuttings must be left to dry for at least a whole day.
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Cyanobacteria in mussel ponds tend to overproliferate in midsummer; pay attention to prevention and control
Summer has high water temperatures and strong light, making it a season of high cyanobacteria incidence. Once cyanobacteria proliferate heavily on the water surface, the water quality becomes lean; after pearl mussels ingest cyanobacteria, it is not easy for them to digest (cyanobacteria have thick cell walls), and cyanobacteria adhere to the mussels' gills, affecting respiration. At the same time, after cyanobacteria die, protein decomposition produces hydroxylamine, which combines with toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide in the water and can poison the pearl-culturing mussels to death. Therefore, in summer, the excessive proliferation of cyanobacteria must be strictly controlled, with targeted prevention and treatment. 1. Summer temperatures are high, and at the bottom
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Analysis of the Key Points of Integrated High-Yield Technology for Rainfed Soybean
I. Basic Information: 1. Project source: One of the projects under the "Comprehensive Technical Research on Increasing Production in the Sanjiang Plain Agricultural Region" issued by the National Science and Technology Commission during the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" period. A national key research project. 2. This project was reviewed in December 1985 by an appraisal committee composed of 20 experts and scholars including famous professors Wang Jinling and Zhang Zijin from China's soybean science community. The appraisal concluded that the research direction was correct, the approach was right, the measures were appropriate, and the results were remarkable, with an obvious yield-increasing effect on subsequent crops as well. Breakthrough progress had been made in integrated research and supporting technologies,
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How should Schisandra chinensis seedlings be planted to improve the survival rate?
Some people, when planting seedlings, just drop the seedling into the hole and cover it with soil, and that is it. This planting method is not good and affects the survival rate. The normal way to plant a seedling is to smooth the bottom of the dug hole with your hand, spread the seedling roots out to 120° when planting, and make sure all the roots are in close contact with the soil, firm it down, and water thoroughly. When planting Schisandra chinensis in autumn, prune the seedling to leave 3-5 buds, and after planting bury all the buds in soil; the top of the seedling should be covered with 4 cm of soil. When it is about to sprout in spring, remove the soil, or leaving the soil in place is also fine, letting the buds emerge from the soil. Remember, under no circumstances should you remove the soil after the buds have sprouted but before they have emerged,
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Key Points for Integrated Control of Powdery Mildew on Schisandra chinensis
1. Field symptoms Powdery mildew mainly damages the leaves of Schisandra chinensis, and in severe cases the fruit, petioles and stems are also affected. In the early stage of leaf infection, small white powdery mildew spots appear, gradually expanding and merging into patches, and the mildew layer thickens, like a layer of flour scattered on the leaf surface. On the underside of the mildew spots, small chlorotic spots initially form, expanding into irregular patches as the disease develops. In the late stage of the disease, black particles are produced in the mildew layer, causing moldy staining and fruit drop, reducing yield while also lowering quality. 2. Disease occurrence The powdery mildew pathogen of Schisandra chinensis belongs to the genus Erysiphe in the Ascomycota, and the conidia are mostly cylindrical, with a few being cylindrical-columnar, elliptical or long-oval. In the Fengcheng area, the pathogen overwinters as cleistothecia on diseased plant residues, and in May to June of the second year produces ascospores and conidia for infection, with July to August being the peak period of disease occurrence. The disease can occur at temperatures of 20-28°C, with 25-26°C being the most suitable. The disease is severe in mountainous areas above 1000 m in altitude; it is severe where management is poor, nitrogen fertilizer is applied excessively, and planting is too dense; 1-2 year old Schisandra chinensis plants are lightly affected, while those over 3 years old are severely affected.
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Mushroom spent substrate can be used to feed fish; fish farmers should stop throwing it away as waste
In places where mushrooms are cultivated, a large amount of discarded mushroom spent substrate is produced every year. This mushroom spent substrate is rich in crude protein, crude fat and nitrogen-free extract, and also contains minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium and silicon, so it is quite nutritious. Therefore, it can be used as a good feed for fish. The method for feeding fish with mushroom spent substrate is: each time the mushroom house removes mushroom spent substrate, first pick out mud clumps, gravel, iron nails, broken glass and other miscellaneous items from the substrate, then move it into sunlight to dry, and crush it into powder with a grinder; then, according to the proportion of feed
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New soybean topping technique for higher yields: operate this way to get a bigger harvest
Soybean terminal buds have strong growth vigor and consume a lot of nutrients. Removing the terminal buds of soybean transfers nutrients to the pods, which helps increase yield. This is especially true for soybean with higher soil fertility and vigorous growth; timely removal of the terminal buds makes the yield-increasing effect even more pronounced. The method for removing soybean terminal buds is: at the early flowering stage, the peak of soybean growth, pinch off the 2-3 cm tender tip at the top of the main stem, so that apical growth is inhibited and nutrients are concentrated for reproductive growth, promoting more flowering and more pod setting, and helping to make the plants shorter and sturdier and enhance stress resistance. Soybean topping should follow the “three
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Key Integrated Management Techniques for Soybeans During the Flowering and Podding Stage
When soybeans enter the flowering and podding stage, vegetative growth and reproductive growth proceed together, requiring sufficient water, nutrients and light. In terms of cultivation measures, vegetative growth and reproductive growth should be coordinated to achieve many pods and many seeds. The main measures should include the following "three preventions" and strengthened management during the seed-filling and maturation stage. The "three preventions" measures during the flowering and podding stage (1) Preventing excessive vegetative growth: when soybeans have shown 2 tillers and are flowering, use 30 grams of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per mu, mix with 40 kg of water, and spray to top the plants, which can shorten internodes, control top vine growth, increase flowers and preserve pods, so that pods cover the top; (2) Preventing drought and waterlogging: during the soybean flowering period, attention should be paid to summer drought, seepage and moisture retention, and in case of severe waterlogging, drain promptly to reduce waterlogging damage; (3) Controlling pests: from the end of July to mid-August is the peak outbreak period for soybean semi-looper, bean hawk moth, leaf roller, alfalfa noctuid and other pests. Pesticides with contact and stomach poison effects such as fenvalerate or cypermethrin plus dimethoate emulsion or dichlorvos can be used for control, eliminating pests at the 1st-2nd instar stage.
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Six Methods to Improve Licorice Germination Rate
Licorice is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Fabaceae family, with its dried roots and rhizomes used as medicine. It has the effects of tonifying the spleen and replenishing qi, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, clearing heat and detoxifying, relieving urgency and stopping pain, harmonizing the properties of various medicines, and neutralizing the toxicity of a hundred medicines. Licorice is not only a major medicinal material, but also an excellent calorie-free sweetening additive in food, and an important auxiliary material for cigarettes and other industries, so the demand for licorice is growing ever larger. As natural licorice resources are increasingly depleted, artificial cultivation is necessary. Due to reasons such as the dense structure of the licorice seed coat and protein dehydration and denaturation, cultivating licorice suffers from problems such as slow germination, uneven germination, and low germination rate.
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