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Analysis of the Causes of Peanut Rust Occurrence and Spread
What are the causes of peanut rust occurrence and spread? First, peanut rust is a fungal disease caused by Puccinia arachidis. The urediniospores are yellow, round or nearly round, with minute spines on the surface, and each urediniospore has one germination pore on each side of its middle section. Most urediniospores produce only one germ tube, and an appressorium forms at the tip of the germ tube, from which an infection hypha penetrates the peanut. Urediniospores can germinate only in the presence of water droplets or a water film. They have strong tolerance to low temperatures and poor tolerance to high temperatures. Under normal conditions, the germ tube penetrates the internal tissue after 65 hours, the hyphae continue to grow and produce haustoria, and after 7 days, pinpoint-sized white spots appear and begin to produce urediniospores; after 8 days, the white spots turn yellow-brown and form uredinia; after 10 days, the epidermis of the uredinia ruptures and releases urediniospores to continue infection. During the peanut growing period, the expansion and spread of peanut rust are mainly from local inoculum sources, but in the northern peanut regions, there is also the issue of external inoculum sources for the pathogen in early spring. The main factors affecting the occurrence and spread of peanut rust: First, the amount of overwintering inoculum. If the amount of overwintering inoculum is large, peanut rust may occur severely the following year.
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What are the control methods for peanut violet root rot?
How does peanut leaf spot occur? Both peanut black spot and brown spot are diseases caused by fungi. The sexual stage of the peanut black spot pathogen is Berkeley's Mycosphaerella; the stroma is hemispherical, brown to black, embedded beneath the host epidermis, with conidiophores densely clustered on the stroma; conidia are borne terminally, the conidia are olive...
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What are the control methods for peanut stem rot?
How to control peanut stem rot? (1) Keep good seed: choose summer peanuts for seed saving. Choose a sunny day to harvest early, sun-dry, and store in a dry place; before sowing, select healthy, large seeds. (2) Seed disinfection: 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 0.3% of the seed rate, 25% carbendazim wettable powder at 0.5% of the seed rate, mix with 5-10 times fine dry soil, and mix in layers onto peanut seeds soaked for 12 hours, or add 30 kg of water, soak 50 kg of seeds for 24 hours, stirring 2-3 times in between.
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How to prevent and control peanut bacterial wilt? These methods you need to master
How to prevent and control peanut bacterial wilt? (1) Crop rotation: rotating between flooded and dry land for 1-2 years shows obvious results. On dry land, rotate with cereal crops; for lightly infected land 1-3 years, for heavily infected land 4-5 years. (2) Select disease-resistant varieties: currently promoted resistant varieties include Xiekangqing, Ehua No. 5, Zhonghua No. 2, You 92, Guiyou 28...
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What are the benefits of applying organic fertilizer to peanuts for their growth and development?
What is peanut stem rot? Peanut stem rot is also called peanut stem rot disease or foot rot. Before the seedlings emerge, the affected cotyledons turn dark brown. The pathogen invades the base of the plant stem along the cotyledon stalk, first producing lesions that ooze yellow fluid, which later turn brown. As the lesions develop, they cause the tissue at the stem base to rot. When the lesions expand and encircle the stem base, the aboveground part wilts...
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Comprehensive Control Methods for Peanut Wilt Disease in Early Spring Plastic Mulch Cultivation
Peanut wilt disease includes stem rot, root rot, southern blight, stalk rot and several other diseases, and it severely affects early spring plastic mulch peanut production. 1. Disease characteristics. Their common feature is that the peanut stem or leaf wilts and the affected part becomes discolored and necrotic. Generally, continuous cropping plots and plots with poor soil are more severely affected; rotation plots and plots with high fertility...
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How to Grow Spring Peanuts for High Yield: Planting Methods and Key Technical Points
How to grow spring peanuts for high yield? Seeking guidance. Spring-planted peanuts are a major cash crop in our province, with a large planting area; yields are high but uneven, and there are still many medium- and low-yield fields, leaving great potential for increasing production. To achieve high yields in spring peanuts, six technical steps must be mastered well: 1. Select excellent varieties. Good seed is the foundation for achieving high yields...
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Peanut Cultivation with Plastic Mulch
How to cultivate peanuts with plastic mulch? Looking for methods. I. Pre-sowing preparation 1. Seed selection: Yuanza 9102, 8908, Yuhua 14. 2. Sun-drying pods: sun-dry pods for 2-3 days before shelling. 3. Mulch preparation: buy 60 cm micro-mulch film, 3-4 kg per mu. 4. Underground pest control: (1) per mu use 3-4 liang of isofenphos-methyl or phoxim mixed with 0.5-1 kg of water and 20-30 kg of soil, broadcast before plowing; (2) per mu use 1 liang of isofenphos-methyl or phoxim mixed with 2.5 kg of water and 25 kg of peanut seeds.
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How to grow black peanuts?
How to grow black peanuts? For guidance on growing black peanuts, you can refer to the following cultivation techniques: 1. Black peanuts are not demanding regarding soil and are suitable for growing in various soils with a pH value of 5.5 to 7.2. They grow best in soil with a deep soil layer, active plow layer, good soil properties, and good drainage. 2. Growing black...
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How to fertilize peanuts well? Master the scientific fertilization method
How should peanuts be fertilized? Please advise. Peanuts have a relatively strong tolerance to poor soil, and a small amount of fertilizer can produce a considerable yield. But to rapidly increase peanut yield per unit area, scientific fertilization is one of the basic measures. Peanut fertilization should be based mainly on organic fertilizers, with chemical fertilizers as a supplement; base fertilizer as the main application, with topdressing as a supplement; topdressing should focus on seedling fertilizer...
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